Bowser's Minions

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This article is about the organization. For the Special Attack in Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story, see Koopa Corps. For the group of characters known as "Bowser's Minions" in the British English versions of some games, see Koopalings. For the side campaign known as "Bowser's Minions" from the name of Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions, see Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser.
"Team Bowser" redirects here. For Team Bowser's members in the Bowser vs. DK Tour in Mario Kart Tour, see Bowser vs. DK Tour § Team members. For Team Bowser's members in the May 2022 Peach vs. Bowser Tour in Mario Kart Tour, see Peach vs. Bowser Tour (May 2022) § Team members. For Team Bowser's members in the November–December 2022 Peach vs. Bowser Tour in Mario Kart Tour, see Peach vs. Bowser Tour (November–December 2022) § Team members.
"Koopa Troop" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Koopa Troopa.
Bowser's Minions
Bowser and his Minions.
First appearance Super Mario Bros. (1985)
Latest appearance Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door (Nintendo Switch) (2024)
Leader Bowser
Members
Army Hammer Bro
Baron Brrr
Bessie Bass
Big Bungee Piranha
Big Burt Bros.
Big Guy the Stilted
Bigger Boo
Boom Boom
Boss Sumo Bro
Bouldergeist
Bowser Jr.
Burt the Bashful
Captain Boo
Captain Goomba
Captain Koopa Troopa
Captain Shy Guy
Clawgrip
Corporal Paraplonk
Crystal King
Dr. Topper (former)
Dry Bowser
Fake Bowser
Froggy (former)
Fryguy
Gary
General Guy
Giant Kamek
Gilbert the Gooey
Goomboss
Goomhilde (former)
Gooper Blooper
Gourmet Guy (former)
Hector the Reflector
Hookbill the Koopa
Huff N. Puff
Inviso
Jagger (former)
Johnson
Kamek
Kamella
Kammy Koopa
King Bob-omb
King Boo
King Boo (Super Mario Sunshine)
Koopa General
Koopa Paratroopa Trio
Koopalings
Lakilester (former)
Marching Milde
Moltz the Very Goonie
Mouser
Naval Piranha
Paper Bowser
Paper Bowser Jr.
Paper Kamek
Petey Piranha
Pom Pom
Prince Bully
Priscilla the Peckish
Private Goomp
Raphael the Raven (former)
Reznor
Roger the Potted Ghost
Salvo the Slime
Sergeant Guy
Six-Face Sal
Sluggy the Unshaven
Spiky Tom
Starlow (only in Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story, mentioned)
Tap-Tap the Golden
Tap-Tap the Red Nose
Tryclyde
Whomp King
Wiggler (Super Mario Sunshine)
Wizakoopa
Member species
“All right, people! Form ranks! Jagger, head of the shelled warriors! Wizakoopa, master of the hooded sorcerers! And last but not least, Goomhilde, grande dame of the groundling Goombas! This is our finest moment! Bowser's Minions are invincible! We shall be victorious! The bridge is down, but we'll find a way to get back in! Move out, on the double!”
Bowser, Super Mario RPG (Nintendo Switch)

Bowser's Minions, also known as Bowser's army,[1] the Koopa Corps, the Koopa Troop, the Minions,[2] Team Bowser,[3] or the Turtle Empire,[4] is an organization of armed forces led by Bowser, who appear as the main antagonists of the Super Mario and Yoshi franchises. The Minions repeatedly attempt to take over the Mushroom Kingdom and sometimes other areas, with their goals based mainly on Bowser's own interests. Not all members of the Minions are Koopas, although they serve as the majority of the members and also have high-ranking roles. According to official Japanese character books, the army is led by the Turtle Tribe, with older material indicating the members of Bowser's "royal family" as leaders. In both Super Mario Pia and Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros., the "royal family" term is missing, and in general, the organization of Bowser's army is no longer explained, with the former reconfirming that the Turtle Tribe still leads it. As shown in New Super Mario Bros., Mario + Rabbids Kingdom Battle, and Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey, when Bowser is absent, Bowser Jr. takes leadership of the Minions. It is also implied in Paper Mario: The Origami King that Bowser Jr. has his own army within the Minions.

The Koopa forces differ between appearances, though Goombas and Koopa Troopas consistently appear as the most common and basic troops. There are also many rarer minion types of the Minions, including seemingly elite troops of the organization, such as Hammer Bros and Magikoopas. Aside from Bowser and Bowser Jr., other notable members have been shown to hold positions of authority and leadership within the organization's hierarchy. The most prominent examples include the Koopalings (particularly common in the case of the 2D platformers) and Kamek (especially in the case of the Yoshi franchise). There is also a trend of species-specific monarchs/chiefs within the Minions who seemingly act as vassals to Bowser, implying a degree of autonomy and sub-hierarchy on a species-level basis; examples of this include Goomboss, King Boo, King Bob-omb, Whomp King, and Petey Piranha.

On some occasions, Bowser has teamed up with others (such as Antasma in Mario & Luigi: Dream Team) to achieve a common goal, but in these instances, these characters are not considered part of the Minions.

History

The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!

Koopa Pack
The Koopa Pack in "Raiders of the Lost Mushroom"

In The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, the enemies under the command of King Koopa are often referred to as the Koopa Pack, although it seems to be used interchangeably between generic minions of King Koopa and a core group consisting of King Koopa, Mouser, Tryclyde, and a single Koopa Troopa. On one occasion, they also went by Koopa Troopers and Team Koopa. In the show, all of the members (except for King Koopa) are somewhat unintelligent. In "Raiders of the Lost Mushroom," Mouser, Tryclyde, and Koopa Troopa said that stealing is wrong, which made King Koopa (or Kolonel von Koop as he was called) angrily hit them with a whip and say that bad guys are supposed to steal.

Yoshi franchise

Like in the mainline Super Mario platformers, the troop appears as the main enemies in the Yoshi franchise and is led by Baby Bowser, who is cared for by Kamek. Kamek sends his Toadies to steal Baby Mario or the other babies from Yoshi and the other Yoshis as they adventure through Yoshi's Island to save Baby Luigi, and the stork from the troop and help the baby brothers reunite with each other. The Yoshis also need to get them to their parents' house and help the stork in his baby delivering duties. The Yoshis and Yoshi himself defeated the troop through the use of eggs, while also jumping and ground-pounding on them. The composition of the troop follows somewhat different trends in the Yoshi franchise than the mainline Super Mario platformers. For example, Shy Guys appear as the most commonly encountered and basic enemy in the Koopa Troop instead of Goombas and Koopa Troopas.

Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars

During Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars, Bowser's Keep is invaded by the Smithy Gang via Exor. By the time Bowser is met at Booster Tower, there are no more remaining Minions by his side. He claims that Mario, Mallow, and Geno are active members when he joins the party (although it is heavily implied that he did this so he can avoid the humiliation of having to ask for their help).

Paper Mario series

The Koopa Troop plays varying roles in the Paper Mario franchise. In particular, during the events of the first game, Bowser dispatched the Koopa Troop to halt Mario's attempts at restoring the Star Spirits. Aside from this, they also engaged in some side-activities such as holding a game show, with Peach acting as a contestant, and one Spiked Goomba even managed to use the castle armory as a makeshift shop for Mario and his party. In Bowser's Castle and Princess Peach's Castle, they are primarily represented by Koopatrols, Hammer Bros., and blue Magikoopas, occasionally joined by others.

In Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, Bowser summons the Koopa Troop to confront the X-Nauts led by Lord Crump in Twilight Town, as the latter was trying to find the Superbombomb. This quickly turned largely to fighting over the Crystal Stars, however, with the conflict ending abruptly soon after; when the Superbombomb failed to detonate upon hitting Bowser, he then unleashed a plume of flame breath that inadvertently set it off and wiped out both sides. From this point onwards, the Koopa soldiers can be found in Rogueport Underground, attempting to excavate the area for Crystal Stars. Once again, they are represented by Koopatrols, Hammer Bros., and blue Magikoopas.

In Super Paper Mario, Bowser gives a morale-raising speech as part of preparations to invade Peach's castle, completely unaware that she had already been abducted by an unknown third party until the Mario Bros. confront and accuse him of kidnapping her. However, neither he nor the rest of the troop could act on this information before the one responsible for her abduction, Count Bleck, proceeded to capture them as well as Luigi. The Koopa Troop later attended a "wedding" helmed by Count Bleck and his majordomo Nastasia, with Bowser eagerly wishing to marry Peach, while Peach was forced via hypnosis on Nastasia's part to accept the proposal. However, this turned out to have been done in order for Bleck to create the Chaos Heart to wipe out all existence due to grief. A Hammer Bro captain and Koopa Troopa named Private Koopa attempted to aid Peach in escaping while two Goombas (one named Gary) coerced Luigi into helping them escape; however, Nastasia thwarted the escape attempts by brainwashing the captain, Private, and Gary, while the other Goomba cowardly defected to her side. Although Peach ended up escaping due to unknown factors, Luigi was successfully brainwashed into becoming Mr. L by Nastasia. Bowser and presumably any Koopa Troop members who hadn't been brainwashed by Nastasia were then dispatched to The Bitlands, where they had a brief run-in with Mario and the escaped Peach. After being defeated in a brawl by his nemesis, Bowser agreed to aid Mario in stopping Count Bleck (as his plan of destroying all existence would obviously prevent any chance at Bowser conquering the world); he then had the Koopa Troop hold down the fort, although it was implied that they intended to use Bowser's departure to hold a party in his absence.

In Paper Mario: Sticker Star and Paper Mario: Color Splash, the Koopa Troop follow Bowser's orders, despite him being under the black paint's control in the latter game. However, the troops form a truce with Mario during Paper Mario: The Origami King, due to King Olly's plans threatening them both.

Mario & Luigi series

A Koopa Troopa from the Koopa Cruiser in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga.

In Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, a group of troops in the Bowser Baddies, man the Koopa Cruiser. Bowser mistakes Luigi as an eager recruit, and takes him along Mario's quest to reclaim Princess Peach's voice from the Beanbean Kingdom, but the Baddies and their King are swiftly dealt with by Cackletta and Fawful. After Cackletta possesses Bowser's body, she takes control of his castle and the Koopa Troop to destroy the Beanbean Kingdom, but the Mario Bros. stop her. The Nintendo 3DS remake of the game, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions, adds a story mode that focuses exclusively on Bowser's troops. In it, they are dubbed Bowser's Minions in the English localization, despite the original references to the "Bowser Baddies" remaining. During this story mode, the troops, led by Captain Goomba, set out to reunite and recruit all the troop members, and eventually rescue Bowser. The remake also shows that Bowletta duped the Koopa Troop, including the Koopalings, into fighting for her and impeding the Mario Bros. by faking Bowser's return.

In Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time, the crew of the Koopa Cruiser make a second appearance, albeit in the past, as Baby Bowser has the Cruiser pick up the adult and baby Mario brothers after their initial loss to the Shroobs.

In Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story, the Koopa Troop is shown to be split into different divisions (the Goomba unit, the Shy Guy unit, the Koopa unit, the Bob-omb unit and the Magikoopa unit), as evidenced when Fawful shows Bowser his captured soldiers. As Bowser rescues his soldiers, he is able to use them as Brawl Attacks, for example, using a squadron of Shy Guys to sling Bowser forward to the enemy. The remake of this game once again features a story mode where the minions are controlled, this time led by Bowser Jr., who sets out to cure the Koopa Troop of their own case of the blorbs in Bowser's absence.

Super Smash Bros. Brawl

In Super Smash Bros. Brawl, the Koopa Troop forms part of the Subspace Army, commanded by Bowser, Ganondorf, and Wario. Although the group is led by Master Hand, it is later revealed that he is being used by Tabuu in order to trick the three commanders into enveloping the World of Trophies into Subspace.

Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros. Edition

In Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros. Edition, some members of the Koopa Troop, especially those accidentally trapped inside Baddie Blocks, fight alongside Mario and Luigi to stop Bowser from abusing the power of the Orbs.

The Super Mario Bros. Movie

“My army! Koopas! Goombas! Whatever those things are!”
Bowser, The Super Mario Bros. Movie

The Koopa Troop plays a prominent role in The Super Mario Bros. Movie, starting with their invasion of the Snow Kingdom, and obtaining the Super Star in its castle. The army is led by the Koopa General, taking orders from Bowser, with Kamek serving as his adviser.

Profiles

New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe

  • North American website bio: As if Bowser wasn’t bad enough! Now Bowser Jr. and the Koopalings are on the move, and they’ll use every dirty trick in the book to stop Mario and his friends from reaching Princess Peach’s castle!

Members

Primary leadership

Seized leadership

Secondary leadership

Other notable members

Former members

Temporary-and-honorary members-and-allies

Lesser troops

See also: List of enemies
Koopas
Koopa Paratroopa Magikoopa Lakitu Para-Beetle Parabones Toady
Koopa Troopa Dry Bones Buzzy Beetle Hammer Bro Boomerang Bro Fire Bro Ice Bro Shova Spike Spiny Sledge Bro Chargin' Chuck Sumo Bro Mechakoopa
The Koopas are a diverse group of turtle-like creatures that make up the majority of Bowser's Minions - Bowser himself being one of them. There are many varieties, each with their own special abilities. Many hide in their shells after they are attacked.
Goombas and related
Paragoomba Octoboo Winged Strollin' Stu
Goomba Goombrat Galoomba Bone Goomba Octoomba Octoguy Strollin' Stu Mini Goomba Burrbo
The Goombas are small, usually mushroom-like creatures that betrayed the Mushroom Kingdom for Bowser's Minions. They are usually among the simplest of the enemies, simply walking forwards to attack and being defeated with a single hit.
Piranha Plants and related
Piranha Pest
Piranha Plant Fire Piranha Plant Nipper Plant Trottin' Piranha Plant Bone Piranha Plant Melon Piranha Plant Spiny Piranha Plant Piranha Creeper Muncher
Piranha Plants are flowers with large heads and mouths. They often live inside pipes they can pop out from, but can also be found planted in the ground or even mobile.
Bullet Bills and related
Bullet Bill Banzai Bill Missile Meg Bull's-Eye Bill
Torpedo Ted Digga Bill Blaster
Bullet Bills are living munitions that are launched from special cannons or from off-screen, usually travelling in a straight line afterwards.
Cheep Cheeps and related
Cheep Cheep Spiny Cheep Cheep Eep Cheep Deep Cheep Fishbone
Cheep Chomp Big Cheep Cheep Porcupuffer
Cheep Cheeps are fish that swim through the water or leap out in various ways. They are the primary aquatic members of Bowser's Minions.
Shy Guys and related
Fly Guy Snifit (Super Mario 64)
Shy Guy Snifit Bandit Zeus Guy Dancing Spear Guy Stilt Guy Black Shy Guy (Yoshi's Story)
Shy Guys are robe-and-mask-wearing creatures that behave in various ways, often involving carrying some object to use as a weapon.
Bob-ombs and related
Parabomb
Bob-omb Baboom Kab-omb Chuckya
Bob-ombs are walking explosives. Sometimes, they light themselves shortly after spawning, sometimes once they see Mario, and sometimes only after being attacked.
Pokeys and related
Pokey Pokey Head Pokeyplant Snow Pokey Bramball
Pokeys are tall cacti with caterpillar-like segments. Usually, the head is the weak point, but it is often too spiky to jump on.
Boos and related
Boo Peepa Octoboo Bomb Boo Tail Boo Blindfold Boo Block Boo Red Boo
Broozer Big Boo Boohemoth
Boos are shy ghosts that haunt spooky houses and other dark places. They usually only chase when Mario's back is turned, and will hold still when faced.
Thwomps and related
Thwomp Grindel Flomp
Whomp Shoomp Wallop Tox Box Rhomp Grrrol
Thwomps are heavy stone faces that float in place, attempting to crush anyone who comes near. Their relatives come in many shapes and sizes, but usually attempt to crush or block.
Rocky Wrenches and related
Monty Mole
Rocky Wrench Monty Undergrunt Morty Mole
Rocky Wrenches are mole and/or turtle-like creatures that operate Bowser's vehicular weapons, such as airships and tanks, throwing wrenches when approached. Their relatives, such as Monty Mole, are usually more mole-like and burrow in the ground.
Blarggs and related
Blargg Magmaargh Magmaw Charvaargh
Blarggs are huge lava monsters that erupt from magma or other surfaces to surprise and bite at the player character. They usually cannot be permanently defeated.
Miscellaneous

Weaponary and vehicles

Bases and hideouts

List of appearances

Title Release date System/format
Super Mario Bros. 1985 NES
VS. Super Mario Bros. 1986 VS. System
Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels 1986 FDS
Super Mario Bros. Special 1986 PC-88
All Night Nippon: Super Mario Bros. 1986 FDS
Super Mario Bros. 1986 Game & Watch
Super Mario Bros. 3 1988 NES
Super Mario World 1990 SNES
Mario is Missing! 1992, 1993 MS-DOS, SNES, NES
Super Mario All-Stars 1993 SNES
Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World 1993 SNES
Yoshi's Safari 1993 SNES
Mario's Time Machine 1993, 1994, 1996 MS-DOS, SNES, NES
Hotel Mario 1994 Philips CD-i
Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island 1995 SNES
Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars 1996 SNES
Super Mario 64 1996 N64
Yoshi's Story 1997 N64
Paper Mario 2000 N64
Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2 2001 GBA
Super Mario Sunshine 2002 GCN
Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3 2002 GBA
Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 2003 GBA
Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga 2003 GBA
Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door 2004 GCN
Mario Pinball Land 2004 GBA
Super Mario 64 DS 2004 DS
Super Princess Peach 2005 DS
Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time 2005 DS
New Super Mario Bros. 2006 DS
Yoshi's Island DS 2006 DS
Super Paper Mario 2007 Wii
Super Mario Galaxy 2007 Wii
Super Smash Bros. Brawl 2008 Wii
Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story 2009 DS
New Super Mario Bros. Wii 2009 Wii
Super Mario Galaxy 2 2010 Wii
Super Mario All-Stars Limited Edition 2010 Wii
Super Mario 3D Land 2011 3DS
New Super Mario Bros. 2 2012 3DS
Paper Mario: Sticker Star 2012 3DS
New Super Mario Bros. U 2012 Wii U
New Super Luigi U 2013 Wii U
Mario & Luigi: Dream Team 2013 3DS
Super Mario 3D World 2013 Wii U
Yoshi's New Island 2014 3DS
Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros Edition 2015 3DS
Yoshi's Woolly World 2015 Wii U
Super Mario Maker 2015 Wii U
Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam 2015 3DS
Paper Mario: Color Splash 2016 Wii U
Super Mario Maker for Nintendo 3DS 2016 3DS
Super Mario Run 2016 iOS/Android
Poochy & Yoshi's Woolly World 2017 3DS
Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions 2017 3DS
Super Mario Odyssey 2017 Nintendo Switch
Mario Party: The Top 100 2017 3DS
Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey 2018 3DS
New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe 2019 Nintendo Switch
Yoshi's Crafted World 2019 Nintendo Switch
Super Mario Maker 2 2019 Nintendo Switch
Paper Mario: The Origami King 2020 Nintendo Switch
Super Mario 3D All-Stars 2020 Nintendo Switch
Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury 2021 Nintendo Switch
Mario + Rabbids Sparks of Hope 2022 Nintendo Switch
Super Mario Bros. Wonder 2023 Nintendo Switch
Super Mario RPG 2023 Nintendo Switch

Gallery

Names in other languages

Language Name Meaning Notes
Japanese クッパ軍団ぐんだん[?]
Kuppa-gundan
Bowser Corps
カメ帝国[7]
Kame Teikoku
Turtle Empire (Super Mario Bros.)
クッパ軍[8][9]
Kuppa-gun
Bowser Army (Super Mario 3D Land, Super Mario 3D World)
Catalan Fortalesa d'en Bowser (The Super Mario Bros. Movie)[?] Bowser's Stronghold
Chinese (simplified) 酷霸王军队[10] (Super Mario 64)
Kùbàwáng Jūnduì
Bowser Army
喏库军团[11] (Paper Mario)
Nuòkù Jūntuán
Koopa Corps
酷霸王军团[?]
Kùbàwáng Jūntuán
Bowser Corps
酷霸王军[12] (Super Mario 3D Land / Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury)
Kùbàwáng Jūn
Bowser Army
Chinese (traditional) 庫巴大軍[13] (Super Mario 3D Land)
Kùbā Dàjūn
Bowser Army
庫巴軍團[?]
Kùbā Jūntuán
Bowser Corps
French Armée de Bowser[?] Bowser's army
Sbires de Bowser[?] Bowser's minions
Italian Koopa/Tribù delle tartarughe[14] (Super Mario Bros.) Koopas/Turtle tribe
Soldati/Truppe di Re Attila (The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!)[?] King Koopa's soldiers/troops
Koopa Troopa (Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga)[?] -
Esercito di Bowser[15] (Super Mario Bros. Encyclopedia) Bowser's army
Scagnozzi di Bowser (since Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions)[?] Bowser's minions; shared with the Koopalings' second title
Korean 쿠파 군단[?]
Kupa Gundan
Koopa (Bowser) Corps
Romanian Kooper Troopers (KidsCo promo)[16] Kooper Troopers. Described as "King Kooper's helpers" without explicit reference to only Koopa Troopas.
Spanish Ejército de Bowser[?] Bowser army
Spanish (NOA) Gran Armada Koopa[?] Great Koopa Army
Esbirros de Bowser[?] Bowser's henchmen
Spanish (NOE) (La) gran armada Koopa[?] (The) great Koopa army
Swedish Koopatruppen[?] The Koopa troop

See also

References

  1. ^ "Unless Mario recovers the Power Stars immediately, the inhabitants of this world will become Bowser's army." – Nintendo (1996). Super Mario 64 instruction booklet. Nintendo of America (American English). Page 5.
  2. ^ "The great and beloved king of the Minions! Father of Bowser Jr. He possesses more charisma and destructive power than a trillion Marios." – Description of Bowser (Melee). Bowser Jr.'s Journey from Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey.
  3. ^ "Goombas are loyal members of Team Bowser (Screen captureMedia:YT Play Nintendo 2022-05-14 screencap Team Bowser.png)" – Play Nintendo (May 14, 2022). Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury – GET THEM GOOMBAS! 💪🍄 | @Play Nintendo (0:27). YouTube (American English). Retrieved May 30, 2022.
  4. ^ Nintendo of America (1985). Super Mario Bros. Instruction Booklet. Redmond: Nintendo of America. Page 10.
  5. ^ "That punk will eventually be our boss!" - Roy Koopa "Yeah, but for now we still report to Bowser" - Wendy O. Koopa, Bowser Jr.'s Journey
  6. ^ "A legendary magician and trusted adviser to Bowser. For some reason he’s recently taken up cleaning as a hobby." – Kamek's description. Paper Mario: The Origami King official website. Nintendo of America (American English). Archived June 28, 2020, 15:49:04 UTC from the original via Wayback Machine. Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  7. ^ Nintendo (1985). スーパーマリオブラザーズ (Sūpā Mario Burazāzu) instruction booklet. Nintendo (Japanese). Page 10.
  8. ^ スーパーマリオ 3Dランド : 冒険の舞台. Nintendo (Japanese). Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  9. ^ スーパーマリオ 3Dワールド:冒険の舞台. Nintendo (Japanese). Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  10. ^ 神游马力欧. iQue (Simplified Chinese). Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  11. ^ November 9, 2019. 神游纸片马力欧速通 (1:01:20). Bilibili (Simplified Chinese). Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  12. ^ 超级马力欧 3D乐园:冒险的舞台. iQue (Simplified Chinese). Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  13. ^ 超級瑪利歐 3D樂園 繁體中文版 - 香港任天堂網站. Nintendo HK (Traditional Chinese). Retrieved June 27, 2024.
  14. ^ Super Mario Bros. Italian instruction booklet. Page 2.
  15. ^ November 15, 2018. Super Mario Bros. Enciclopedia. Magazzini Salani (Italian). ISBN 889367436X. Page 15 and 83.
  16. ^ KidsCo TV (December 4, 2017). Aventurile Fratilor Super Mario promo. YouTube (Romanian). Retrieved June 27, 2024.