Koopalings: Difference between revisions

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{{character-infobox
{{distinguish|Koopa Kid}}
|image=[[File:Koopalings - New Super Mario Bros U.png|350px]]
{{redirect|Little Koopa|the micro version of [[Koopa Troopa]]|[[Small Koopa Troopa]]}}
|full_names=[[Larry Koopa]]<br>[[Morton Koopa Jr.]]<br>[[Wendy O. Koopa]]<br>[[Iggy Koopa]]<br>[[Roy Koopa]]<br>[[Lemmy Koopa]]<br>[[Ludwig von Koopa]]
{{group infobox
|first_appearance=''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' ([[List of Mario games by date#1988|1988]])
|image=[[File:NSMBW Koopalings Group Artwork.jpg|300px]]<br>Full group artwork of the Koopalings for ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''
|latest_appearance=''[[New Super Luigi U]]'' ([[List of Mario games by date#2013|2013]])
|members=[[Iggy]]<br>[[Larry]]<br>[[Lemmy]]<br>[[Ludwig]]<br>[[Morton]]<br>[[Roy]]<br>[[Wendy]]
|species=[[Koopa]]
|member_species=[[Koopa (Bowser's species)|Koopa]]
|first_appearance=''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' ([[List of games by date#1988|1988]])
|latest_appearance=''[[Nintendo World Championships: NES Edition]]'' ([[List of games by date#2024|2024]])
}}
}}
{{distinguish|Koopa Kid}}
{{quote|We just love being mean!!|Koopalings|''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' instruction booklet}}
{{LLQuote|We just love being mean!|Koopalings|[[Super Mario Bros. 3]] manual}}
The '''Koopalings''', also known as '''Bowser's Minions''' in the British English versions of some games, and in certain American works as the '''Koopa Kids''', are a seven-member clan of recurring enemies in the [[Super Mario (franchise)|''Super Mario'' franchise]], portrayed as siblings<ref>{{cite|deadlink=y|archive=web.archive.org/web/20130203161534/http://newsupermariobrosu.nintendo.com/characters|title=As explained on the Koopalings' profile on the ''New Super Mario Bros. U'' official site}}, as well as [[List of trophies in Super Smash Bros. for Wii U|Larry's ''Super Smash Bros. for Wii U'' trophy]]</ref><ref name="Encyclopedia"/> who act as leaders of [[Bowser's Minions]] under [[Bowser]]. Individually, they are named [[Larry]], [[Morton]], [[Wendy]], [[Iggy]], [[Roy]], [[Lemmy]], and [[Ludwig]]. Although [[Bowser Jr.]] is not a member of the Koopalings, they sometimes act as his personal minions, and he is often seen accompanying them.


The '''Koopalings''' (called '''Bowser's minions''' in Europe in the ''New Super Mario Bros.'' games, and occasionally called '''Koopa Kids''' in the cartoons) is the name of a group of seven siblings<ref>[http://newsupermariobrosu.nintendo.com/characters/#/koopalings As explained on the Koopalings' profile on the ''New Super Mario Bros. U'' official site]</ref> that closely serve [[Bowser|King Bowser Koopa]]. The Koopalings often act as high-ranking leaders of the [[Koopa Troop]] and mostly appear as bosses in various [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]]-era [[Mario (series)|''Mario'' series]] games, before going on a nine-year hiatus after ''[[Hotel Mario]]'', reappearing once in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'' in 2003, and then being redesigned for their inclusion in the recent ''New Super Mario Bros.'' games, starting with 2009's ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''.
The Koopalings debuted in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', and they later appeared as bosses in various [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]]-era games of the ''Super Mario'' franchise before going on a long hiatus, reappearing once in 2003's ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'', and then being redesigned for 2009's ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'', which has since been followed by numerous appearances as both bosses in the platformers of the [[Super Mario (series)|''Super Mario'' series]] and playable characters in various spinoffs. They have also appeared in various other media, including the cartoon ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', which featured entirely different names for the characters due to them not having official names at the time of its production phase.
 
The Koopalings were originally considered to be Bowser's own seven children, but while this idea was explored in various media released after their debut in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', it later fell into disuse. Then, 14 years after the Koopalings made their debut, [[Bowser Jr.]] was [[Super Mario Sunshine|introduced]] during their 9-year hiatus, causing confusion about the nature of Bowser's parenthood. While the [[Prima Games|Prima]] Guide of ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' referred to Bowser Jr. as a "''bothersome Koopaling''."<ref>"After you reach Bowser Jr.'s chamber, the bothersome Koopaling hops into his [[Koopa Clown Car|flying carriage]]" - ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii Premiere Edition'', pg. 129</ref>, other sources treated him independently from his Koopaling "siblings". Then, in a 2012 interview with the American magazine Game Informer, [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] explicitly stated that "our current story is that the Koopalings are not Bowser's children", leaving Bowser Jr. as his only offspring<ref name="Miyamoto">[http://www.screwattack.com/news/koopalings-are-not-related-bowser Screw Attack reports that "The koopalings are NOT related to Bowser!!!"] and provide a [http://www.screwattack.com/sites/default/files/imagecache/588/img021.jpg scan of a Game Informer interview with Shigeru Miyamoto]. Posted September 12, 2012. (Retrieved September 15, 2012)</ref>.


Originally, the Koopalings were depicted as Bowser's children<ref name="SMB3"/><ref name="JFCSMB3manual"/><ref name=ship/><ref name="SMB4KokuppaCard"/><ref name="JSSBMBowser"/> and stated to be his offspring.<ref name="KoopalingsUK"/><ref name="SMB3IT"/><ref name="SMB3DE"/><ref name="SMB3NL" /><ref name="YSNAback"/> Older games continue to maintain them as his children in re-releases and updated manuals.<ref name="SMB33DSJM"/><ref name="JSMA4M"/><ref name="SMA2guide"/><ref name="SMA4KoopalingsUK">{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Games/Game-Boy-Advance/Super-Mario-Advance-4-Super-Mario-Bros-3-267398.html|title=''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3'' '''Wii U Virtual Console release'''|archive=archive.today/2023.03.21-211349/https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Game-Boy-Advance/Super-Mario-Advance-4-Super-Mario-Bros-3-267398.html|language=en-gb|publisher=Nintendo of UK|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref> However, [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] eventually affirmed that [[Nintendo]]'s "current story is that the Koopalings are not Bowser's children" in 2012, leaving the Koopalings as his underlings and Bowser Jr. as his only child.<ref name="Miyamoto"/>
==Members==
==Members==
The Koopalings are listed below in order from the order of their castles from ''Super Mario Bros. 3'':
The Koopalings are listed below in their original order:
 
{{content description
===Larry Koopa===
|image1=[[File:NSMBU Larry Koopa Artwork.png|150x150px|center|Larry Koopa]]
{{main|Larry Koopa}}
|name1=[[Larry|Larry Koopa]]
[[File:NSMBU LarryKoopa.png|thumb|100px|left|Larry Koopa.]]
|description1=Larry Koopa is the youngest Koopaling who is often seen at the forefront of the Koopalings' antics, and he wields the orange [[magic wand]]. His main color representation is sky blue, although his shell was originally colored green, his hair was white in early sprites, and he lacked the small star on the side of his face. There is [[List of rumors and urban legends#Larry Koopa's namesake|some confusion over the identity of Larry's namesake]]; the most recent official statement from his christener, Nintendo of America employee [[Dayvv Brooks]], is that Larry was named as such because he simply "looked like a Larry," though Brooks had previously stated that Larry's name was derived from {{wp|Larry Mullen Jr.}}, the drummer for the Irish rock band {{wp|U2}}. He was also known as "Cheatsy" in the cartoons, alluding to the fact that he will try to win by any means, legitimate or otherwise. He seems to have an interest in sports, such as how he plays tennis with a [[fireball]] in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''. In the ''[[Nintendo Comics System]]'', he communicated via pictures in word bubbles, which only Lemmy understood.
Larry Koopa has been stated to be the youngest of the Koopalings (Although Iggy is called the youngest in the official Super Mario World player's guide.) In the cartoons, he's the middle child. He seems to have an interest in sports, such as how he plays tennis with a fireball in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'', although he hasn't appeared in any sports game. He has also shown to be bad-tempered or bratty in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''. His main color representation is sky blue, and he wields the orange magic scepter. Larry is known as Cheatsy Koopa in the cartoons, because he will try to win by any means, legitimate or otherwise.
|image2=[[File:NSMBW Morton Artwork.jpg|150x150px|center|Morton Koopa Jr.]]
{{br}}
|name2=[[Morton|Morton Koopa Jr.]]
 
|description2=Morton Koopa Jr. is the only Koopaling to have a brown skin tone and is often depicted as the largest Koopaling, wielding the red magic wand. His main color representation is black, although his shell was originally gray, he was colored yellow with a green shell in ''Super Mario World'', and he lacked the distinctive star on his face in his early in-game sprites. He is named after the American tabloid talk show presenter {{wp|Morton Downey, Jr.}} He was also known as "Big Mouth" in the cartoons, due to his talkative nature, and often talks for long amounts of time, only to be stopped by another character, most often one of his siblings. In other appearances, he seems to be rather grouchy, with brutal strength to match. Morton's level of intelligence is portrayed inconsistently; sometimes he is shown to be quite slow-witted, but in other games, he possesses a more cunning side.
===Morton Koopa Jr.===
|image3=[[File:NSMBW Wendy Artwork.png|150x150px|center|Wendy O. Koopa]]
{{Main|Morton Koopa Jr.}}
|name3=[[Wendy|Wendy O. Koopa]]
[[File:MortonNSMBU.png|thumb|150px|right|Morton Koopa Jr.]]
|description3=Wendy O. Koopa is the sole female Koopaling; she wields the purple magic wand. Her main color representation is pink, although her shell was a shade of deep red in ''Super Mario World''. She is named after {{wp|Wendy O. Williams}}, an American singer and frontwoman of the punk rock band {{wp|Plasmatics|the Plasmatics}}. She was also known as "Kootie Pie" in the cartoons and was considered a spoiled brat with a quick temper, often going into a rage over little things. She is stated to be tomboyish, and seemed to act as the de facto boss in ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]''.
Morton Koopa Jr. is the second Koopaling fought in ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. He is the largest Koopaling and is brutal in battle. He has an angry personality. In the cartoon he is smaller and is the second oldest. He is also the only Koopaling to have a brown skin tone rather than the yellow tone of the others. The ''Jr.'' is simply included as an homage to the man he was named after, Morton Downey Jr. His main color representation is black, and he wields the red magic scepter. Morton is known as Big Mouth Koopa Jr. in the cartoons, due to his talkative nature.
|image4=[[File:NSMBU Iggy Artwork.png|150x150px|center|Iggy Koopa]]
|name4=[[Iggy|Iggy Koopa]]
|description4=Iggy Koopa is a hyperactive, demented, and unpredictable Koopaling who wields the yellow magic wand. His main choice of color is yellow-green, although his shell was colored blue in early sprites and his hair was white in ''Super Mario World''; before ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', his hair was also similar to Lemmy's. He is named after {{wp|Iggy Pop}}, an American rock musician and frontman of the proto-punk band {{wp|the Stooges}}. He was also known as "Hop" in the cartoons and is the twin brother of Hip (Lemmy); together, they are among the youngest members of the family. He was just as childish and immature as his brother in the cartoon series, whereas in the ''[[Nintendo Adventure Books]]'' he was depicted as a brilliant (if crazed) inventor; this has possibly been hinted at in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'', where the inside of his ship is mechanical rather than wooden.
|image5=[[File:NSMBW Roy Artwork.png|150x150px|center|Roy Koopa]]
|name5=[[Roy|Roy Koopa]]
|description5=Roy Koopa's head and sunglasses are pink (as was his shell originally), and he wields the black magic wand. His main color representation is purple, although his shell and head were colored lavender-purple in ''Super Mario World''. He is named after American rock & roll singer {{wp|Roy Orbison}}. He was also known as "Bully" in the cartoons and is said to be a typical bully who likes beating up others for his own amusement. This is true in most appearances, but in certain Japanese materials, Roy instead speaks in a calm and collected manner, so he may have more of a laid-back personality and be less of a tough guy. He is also the second bulkiest Koopaling after Morton.
|image6=[[File:NSMBW Lemmy Artwork.png|150x150px|center|Lemmy Koopa]]
|name6=[[Lemmy|Lemmy Koopa]]
|description6=Lemmy Koopa is depicted as a small, fun-loving child who wields the green magic wand and has been shown capable of being serious when the situation calls for it. His main color representation is orange. Although in ''Super Mario World'', his shell was colored yellow and his hair was white, and his shell was originally green and he lacked the ponytail. He is named after the late {{wp|Lemmy|Lemmy Kilmister}}, frontman of the English heavy metal band {{wp|Motörhead}}. He was also known as "Hip" in the cartoons and is the twin brother of Hop (Iggy); together, they are among the youngest members of the family. Lemmy is usually depicted as perhaps the least bright Koopaling, but is also the most genuinely innocent of his siblings.
|image7=[[File:LudwigNSMBU.png|150x150px|center|Ludwig von Koopa]]
|name7=[[Ludwig|Ludwig von Koopa]]
|description7=Ludwig von Koopa is the eldest<ref name=Second>{{cite|quote=Bowser's oldest Koopaling and second in command, he's a real monster!|date=June 1990|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo Power Strategy Guide''|page=9|publisher=Nintendo of America|language=en-us}}</ref> who possesses a magnificent intelligence most likely superior to that of the other Koopalings, and wields the blue magic wand. His main color representation is deep blue, although he was originally depicted with a green shell in artwork (aqua-blue in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' and yellow in ''Super Mario World''), as well as white hair in early sprites. He is named after the German Classical and Romantic late composer [[Ludwig van Beethoven]]. He was also known as "Kooky" in the cartoons and had more of a mad scientist persona. Like his namesake, he is said to be a composer and is very much into the culture, but is also sometimes suggested to be the cruelest of the Koopalings. According to ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', Ludwig egotistically believes himself to be a "real leader", to which the others, Lemmy, Morton, and Iggy specifically, claim they never voted on it and further explain they operate as a collective trust.<ref>{{cite|author=BeardBear|date=December 3, 2015|url=www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlBs_Qspg6c|title=Mario & Luigi Paper Jam Walkthrough Part 27 {{!}} Neo Bowser Castle #5 & Bosses Koopalings|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=May 18, 2024}}</ref>
}}
In addition, the [[Prima Games]] guide of ''[[Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' refers to [[Boom Boom]] as a Koopaling,<ref>{{cite|author=Hodgson, David S J.|title=''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3'' Prima's Official Strategy Guide|page=22|date=October 21, 2003|publisher=[[Prima Games]]|language=en-us|isbn=0-7615-4425-9|quote='''WORLD FORTRESSES''' Every world has at least one Fortress. This is usually a set of fearsome hallways guarded by nasties and always ends with a Koopa confrontation, courtesy of Boom Boom the Koopaling. Fortresses are just like regular levels, except that when you beat one, any nearby locks (usually preventing you from accessing pipes or Toad Houses) disappear.}}</ref> despite listing him separately in the Friends and Foes section.
{{br}}
{{br}}


===Wendy O. Koopa===
==Concept and creation==
{{Main|Wendy O. Koopa}}
[[File:Bowser Koopalings sketch cropped.png|thumb|Early sketch of [[Bowser]] with [[Morton|Morton Koopa Jr.]], [[Lemmy|Lemmy Koopa]], [[Iggy|Iggy Koopa]] and [[Wendy|Wendy O. Koopa]] made by [[Yoichi Kotabe]] and [[Takashi Tezuka]].]]
[[File:WendyNSMBU.png|thumb|150px|left|Wendy O. Koopa.]]
One of the first sketches in which the Koopalings can be seen, a result of the collaboration between [[Yoichi Kotabe]] and [[Takashi Tezuka]], happened before the release of the [[Family Computer Disk System]] version of ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'' in 1986 and is associated with Bowser's first redesign.<ref>{{file link|Bowser Koopalings sketch.png|Page 65 of the Japanese ''Official Nintendo Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario All-Stars''}}. The caption states "''At first Bowser's appearance was not entirely settled. In order to get to this version of the sketch, Kotabe and Tezuka collaborated multiple times''". Note how the page is dedicated to the Famicom Disk System version of ''Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels'', known as ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' in Japan.</ref> The Koopalings were modeled after the design team of ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'',<ref>Interview with Shigeru Miyamoto in ''Mario Mania'' Player's Guide. Page 31.</ref> and they were all named after famous musicians by the game's North American localizers,<ref>As explained by Dayvv Brooks (former Nintendo of America employee), on July 18, 2012.</ref> since they were not given distinct names in the original Japanese version.<ref>{{file link|Koopalingsjpmanual.jpg|''Super Mario Bros. 3'' Japanese instruction booklet. Page 3.}}</ref> In the Japanese version of ''[[Super Mario World]]'', only their first names were adopted, dropping the Koopa surname,<ref>{{cite|url=themushroomkingdom.net/smw_j-e.shtml|title=''Super Mario World'': From Japanese to English|publisher=The Mushroom Kingdom|language=en|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref> as was done in many subsequent games (both in English and Japanese). The Koopalings were all given different names in the cartoons, purportedly because Nintendo of America had not released their own names yet, forcing the writers of ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' to come up with their own names.
Wendy O. Koopa is the only female. She is considered a spoiled brat with a quick temper in the cartoon series, often going into a rage over little things. Instead of the spiked bands the other Koopalings wear, she has a bow, a necklace, very large bracelets and ice skates. Regardless of her feminine traits, she is stated to be a tomboy. She is one of the two Koopalings with no hair (the other being Roy). Wendy was known as Kootie Pie Koopa in the cartoons. Her main color representation is pink, and she wields the purple magic scepter.
[[File:Kotabe SMB3 Sketch.png|thumb|left|Early sketch, drawn by Yoichi Kotabe, of an artwork for ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' featuring all of the Koopalings.]]
{{br}}
The word "Koopaling" itself is likely a combination of the name "Koopa" with the [[Wiktionary:-ling#Suffix|diminutive suffix "-ling"]], which is often used to denote a younger, smaller or inferior version, which aptly describes their relation to [[Bowser]]. Similarly, their original Japanese name, "''Kokuppa''" is essentially "Little Koopa" (which is what the [[Toad (species)|retainers]] serving the [[kings]] call them in the [[Nintendo Entertainment System|NES]] and [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|SNES]] versions) or "Child Koopa", with ''Koopa'' being the Japanese name of ''Bowser''. Interestingly, only their Italian name, ''Bowserotti'', actually means ''Little Bowsers'' using the Western name of ''Bowser'', with the names in the other languages leaving the ''Koopa'' word intact, even when it does not specifically mean ''Bowser''. The English name also evokes such words as "fledgling", "hatchling", "youngling", or even "underling", and may be a mere portmanteau between one of them and "Koopa".
 
===Iggy Koopa===
{{Main|Iggy Koopa}}
[[File:IggyNSMBU.png|thumb|150px|right|Iggy Koopa.]]
Iggy Koopa is a hyperactive, demented, and unpredictable Koopaling. His two significant characteristics are his glasses and his height; he is shown to be the tallest, thinnest and fastest of the Koopalings. In the cartoons he is known as Hop Koopa and is the twin brother of Lemmy Koopa (Hip Koopa), and together, they are the youngest members of the family. He is also shown to be somewhat of an inventor and a mechanical genius, and one of the smartest Koopalings, alongside Ludwig. Iggy Koopa appears to have a pet [[Chain Chomp]], which assists him twice in ''New Super Mario Bros.'' battles: The first being ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'', the second being ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]''. Iggy's main color representation is yellow-green, and he wields the yellow magic scepter.
{{br}}
 
===Roy Koopa===
{{Main|Roy Koopa}}
[[File:RoyNSMBU.png|thumb|150px|left|Roy Koopa.]]
Roy Koopa is the fifth Koopaling fought in ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. Roy is sometimes depicted in American media as a typical bully who likes beating up others for his own amusement. He is even known as Bully Koopa in the cartoons, and is said to be the oldest sibling in that medium. In a likely reference to the "Real men wear pink" saying, Roy's head and sunglasses are pink, as was his shell originally. His main color representation is purple, and he wields the black magic scepter. In Japanese materials, Roy is shown to speak in a calm and collected manner, so he may have more of a laid-back personality.
{{br}}
 
===Lemmy Koopa===
{{Main|Lemmy Koopa}}
[[File:Lemmy Koopa NSMBU.png|thumb|90px|right|Lemmy Koopa.]]
Lemmy Koopa is the smallest of the Koopalings. He has been depicted as an immature, fun-loving child that retains his innocence and immaturity. His main color representation is orange, and he wields the green magic scepter. Lemmy was known as Hip Koopa in the cartoons and is the twin brother of Iggy Koopa (Hop Koopa), and together, they are the youngest members of the family and mainly were just mischievous instead of evil. Already being clownish from his love of balancing on his rubber ball, it is occasionally inferred he would rather join the circus than try to destroy [[Mario]]. He is named after Lemmy Kilmister.
{{br}}
 
===Ludwig von Koopa===
{{Main|Ludwig von Koopa}}
[[File:LudwigNSMBU.png|thumb|150px|left|Ludwig von Koopa.]]
Ludwig von Koopa has been known to be the oldest Koopaling. He was considered to be Bowser's second-in-command in earlier appearances. He possesses a magnificent intelligence, most likely superior to that of the other Koopalings. He is presumptuous and arrogant, yet the most cunning and ingenious. He is also sometimes said to be the cruelest of his siblings, but is still very much into culture; he likes listening to classical music and he is a composer himself, as he apparently composes "Koopa Symphonies" (which are said to be terrible). His main color representation is deep blue, and he wields the blue magic scepter. Ludwig was known as Kooky von Koopa in the cartoons and was the third oldest. He can do a [[Flutter Jump]] in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' and ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', but levitates in ''New Super Mario Bros U''. He is named after composer Ludwig van Beethoven.
{{br}}
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==History==
==History==
===''Super Mario'' series===
{{Main|History of the Koopalings}}
====''Super Mario Bros. 3''====
Since their debut in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', the Koopalings are notable for appearing as world bosses across ''Super Mario'' platformers. In some role-playing games including the ''Mario & Luigi'' and ''Paper Mario'' series, they also appear as bosses. The Koopalings appear as seperate playable characters in some spin-offs. They appear in other ''Super Mario'' media under different names when they did not have their official names during production.
[[Image:KoopalingsNES.gif|frame|left|Sprites of the Koopalings in ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. Left to right, Larry, Morton, Wendy, Iggy, Roy, Lemmy, Ludwig.]]
The first appearance of the seven Koopalings was in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''. Here, the Koopalings were ordered by Bowser to use their [[airship]]s and armies to conquer the various lands of the [[Mushroom World]]. Each Koopaling, after attacking a kingdom, stole the ruler's [[Magic Scepter|magic scepter]] and transformed that ruler into an animal of some kind (or in the case of Pipe Maze's ruler in the NES version, [[Piranha Plant|a plant]]).<ref>Depending on the version of ''Super Mario Bros 3.'', the Koopalings will transform the respective rulers into a dog, a spider/silkworm, a kappa, a tyrannosaur, a vulture, a seal, or a Piranha Plant (NES version) or a Cobrat, Hoopstar, a purple Dino Rhino, a Donkey Kong Jr. lookalike, an Albatoss, a Monty Mole, and a Yoshi (SNES and GBA remakes)</ref>
 
[[Mario]] and [[Luigi]] battle a Koopaling every time they travel through a heavily-guarded airship. The battle against the Koopalings consists mostly of dodging the Koopalings' leaps and magical blasts from their stolen scepter. It takes three stomps on the head or ten fireballs in order to defeat a Koopaling. Unlike Bowser, they are immune to hammers. Once defeated, that Koopaling retreats into their shell, flies away and drops their Magic Wand. After Mario or Luigi picks it up, the airship vanishes and that world's king is restored.
 
The Koopalings played the same role in the GBA remake, ''Super Mario Advance 4'', with Morton, Lemmy and Ludwig each given an extra [[e-Reader]] level. Larry also attacks [[Grass Land]] and turns its [[Mushroom Kings|King]] into a [[Cobrat]]. In addition, if the player manages to defeat Bowser before defeating the other Koopalings, a cutscene plays when the player arrives at their respective world's castle that shows them ambushing the king, stealing the wand, and then departing shortly before Mario arrived.
 
====''Super Mario World''====
[[Image:KoopalingsSMW.PNG|thumb|200px|Credits for the ''Super Mario World'' ending.]]
In ''[[Super Mario World]]'' the Koopalings aid Bowser in his attack on [[Dinosaur Land]]. Each Koopaling was charged with guarding a fortress on each of Dinosaur Land's areas.
 
After traveling through a Koopaling fortress, Mario or Luigi would battle a Koopaling, who would need to be bashed on the head three times, or in [[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]] and [[Larry Koopa|Larry's]] case, knocked into the lava to be defeated. Morton, Ludwig, and Roy can also be defeated with a dozen fireballs.  After a Koopaling was defeated, a captured [[Yoshi Egg]] would be rescued and the path to a new area would be opened.
 
Once defeated, Morton, Ludwig, and Roy went spiraling into the background wall (signified by a puff of smoke), while Iggy, Lemmy, Wendy and Larry all fell into the lava. Afterwards, Mario or Luigi would totally destroy their castle. The narration heavily implied their complete demise, though this was added for flavor by the localizers - the Japanese text for each castle was originally uniform for each victory and did not even refer to them by individual name (in International versions, a rematch can also occur by holding L & R at the castle's rubble).
 
For some reason (likely technical restrictions), the Koopalings' in-game sprites have alternate color schemes from their artwork such as Ludwig with white hair and a yellow shell rather than blue hair and green shell. Additionally, Iggy's hair is different than his normal hair sprite - the hair resembles his ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' hair, though it is restyled during the final image in the cast roll.
 
====''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''====
[[File:NSMBW Prologue.png|thumb|300px|left|The Koopalings and Bowser Jr. jumping out of Princess Peach's cake in their supposed birth order. (Bowser Jr. on top of the cake.)]]
The Koopalings made a surprise return in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'', serving as bosses in seven of the game's worlds. They also make an appearance in the game's opening sequence, hiding in a cake as cake toppings that the Koopalings presented [[Princess Peach]] with. [[Bowser Jr.]] also appears alongside the Koopalings, marking the first time that all eight children have appeared in the same game. The seven Koopalings all sport a replica of the [[Magic Scepter|Magic Wands]] from their first appearance, while Bowser Jr. has a miniature [[Koopa Clown Car]] of his own. In the first seven worlds, Mario and his friends would have to ascend a [[Tower|tower]] in the middle of the world, at the top of which the Koopaling of that world waited. When defeated in battle, the Koopaling then jumps away after their defeat, much like Bowser Jr. in the original ''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]'', setting up a rematch at the [[Castle|castle]] at the end of the world. Upon catching up with the Koopaling again, [[Kamek]] appears and adds a new element to the battle, such as replacing the floor of [[Larry Koopa|Larry]]'s room with one that shifts up and down, giving [[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]] an even larger ball than before or even flooding the room [[Wendy O. Koopa|Wendy]] is in. Also, the Koopalings have been given voices in this game, it also gives much deeper voices to Roy, Morton and Ludwig as opposed to the cartoons, where they all have higher voices.
 
After the credits they are shown with Bowser Jr. ordering them to help Bowser get back up. When he does, however, Bowser's castle falls on top of all of them. Bowser can be heard moaning in pain after that.
 
In ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', Larry is in World 1, Roy is in World 2, Lemmy is in World 3, Wendy is in World 4, Iggy is in World 5, Morton is in World 6, and Ludwig is in World 7.
 
While in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' Morton was the boss of a desert level, Roy was the boss of a sky level, and Ludwig was the boss of a pipe level, these have all been slightly switched. Roy is the boss of a desert level, Ludwig is the boss of a sky level, and Morton is the boss of a mountain level (replacing the pipe level). Also, Iggy's giant level is replaced with a jungle level. Larry, Lemmy, and Wendy each retain their level themes (grass, ice, and water, respectively).


====''New Super Mario Bros. 2''====
==General information==
[[File:NSMB2 KoopaClown.png|180px|thumb|The Koopalings capturing Princess Peach.]]
===Physical appearance===
The seven Koopalings, alongside their Magic Wands, reappear in the game, ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', as the main antagonists alongside Bowser. Five of them (Roy, Iggy, Wendy, Morton and Ludwig) serve as the Castle bosses of the first five Main Worlds, while the two others (Larry and Lemmy) are the bosses of the castles in two of the special worlds.  
[[File:NSMBU Koopalings Group Artwork.png|thumb|upright=1.4|The Koopalings' depiction in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'']]
All the Koopalings look relatively similar to Bowser and Bowser Jr., but lack horns on their head. Morton has a unique darker complexion, and three have heads that are not green in coloration (Morton's head is white and Roy's is pink while Wendy's head matches the rest of her body's yellow coloration). Three of them (Larry, Wendy and in part Iggy) have blue eyes much like Bowser in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' (but while Bowser's eyes were changed to red, the Koopalings' eyes remained blue). Originally, Ludwig, Morton and Lemmy's eyes were merely black dots, however the former two have since been shown to have thin dark gray irises. All of them have pointed claws on their hands. All the Koopalings have various distinguishing features, such as varying numbers of teeth protruding from their snouts and unique hair styles and colors. Oddly, their sprites in ''Super Mario World'' and the ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' remake in ''Super Mario All-Stars'' gave them all white hair and coloration that did not match their artwork, carrying over from the original, inaccurate color palette from the NES. All of them, like [[Bowser]], have ribbed plated bellies. Although the Koopalings were shown in the sprites to have at least four spikes on their shells, the cover for Nintendo Power Player's Guide for ''Super Mario All-Stars'' showed them, or at least Morton and Roy, only having three spines, all of which were directly on the center of the shell from top to bottom. In addition, while Lemmy does not have fangs, his in-game depiction in ''Super Mario World'' does.


They use the [[Koopa Clown Car]] to kidnap Princess Peach, as seen in the intro, where Mario and Luigi fly around for coins while the Koopalings capture the Princess. After Mario and Luigi safely landed, the Koopalings crash onto the floor, making the Mario Bros. lose their [[Super Leaf|Super Leaves]]. They show them Princess Peach and fly away, with Mario and Luigi closely behind them.  
While most of the Koopalings originally had green shells, redesigns introduced with ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' gave them all unique shell colors. Other aspects of their pre-existing designs were also tweaked, such as Iggy's hair being green rather than multicolored in order to differentiate him further from Lemmy, and their heights and builds being more varied, with Morton now the tallest, followed by Iggy, Roy, Ludwig, Wendy, Larry and finally Lemmy, who was the runt of the litter in their original appearances as well. Their tails also became visible in their official artwork starting from ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', having not been drawn until then<ref>{{file link|SMSQPB6 Mario Kick opt.png|Mario kicking Wendy, Bowser and Ludwig}}, note how Bowser's tail is drawn while Ludwig's tail is not.</ref> except for some sprite depictions and an artwork which apparently shows Iggy's tail.<ref>{{file link|SMB3 NES - Group art.png|Main cast artwork for ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' in which Iggy's tail can be seen.}}</ref> In their playable appearances in the [[Super Smash Bros. (series)|''Super Smash Bros.'']] series, because they are model swaps of Bowser Jr., all of the Koopalings appear roughly the same height as one another, most notably with Roy, Iggy, Morton and Lemmy (although Iggy is still thin).


One of the Koopalings is seen at the beginning of each world, where they run to the tower with Princess Peach. After defeating the [[Reznor]]s in the Tower, the Koopaling of this world comes down with a chain, laughing or taunting Mario and then disappearing again, running to their castle. After the castle fight, the next Koopaling awaits with Princess Peach, only to run away to the next world. They are also seen with the Koopa Clown Car to turn Mario into stone in the final castle by blasting a bright light. After Bowser's initial defeat, the Koopalings attempt to aid Bowser by making him grow bigger, although this only resulted in them being knocked down by Giant Bowser. During the credits, they are seen trying to carry the defeated Bowser with the vehicle, but his weight pulls them down, scattering them all on the floor and on trees.
The Koopalings' designs were modified in the DIC cartoons, although they were still recognizable.
 
In this game, Roy is in World 1, Iggy is in World 2, Wendy is in World 3, Morton is in World 4, Ludwig is in World 5, Larry is in World Mushroom and Lemmy is in World Flower. On a side note, when all Koopalings are in the Koopa Clown Car, the 5 Koopalings that are required to be fought (Roy, Iggy, Wendy, Morton and Ludwig) are within the car, while the 2 optional Koopalings (Larry and Lemmy) are holding onto the outside of the car.  
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====''New Super Mario Bros. U''====
===Personalities===
The Koopalings return, along with [[Bowser Jr.]], and [[Kamek]], in the [[Wii U]] title ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]''. The Koopalings aid Bowser in capturing Peach's castle. In addition, they also travelled beyond Peach's castle to the neighboring regions in order to ensure that the Mario Bros. don't return to the castle. Like in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', each Koopaling has a personal Airship, though this time, the ships have been stylized in their own designs, but all the ships have their heads for the bow and their coloured shells on top. They're bosses in castle levels once again, but they are fought in their Airships, which are accessed via a [[Cannon]] from the castles. While Larry, Iggy and Ludwig retain their [[Magic Scepter|Magic Wands]], Lemmy, Morton, Wendy and Roy don't have them this time around, and instead use various weaponry (e.g. Roy uses a handheld [[Bill Blaster]] during his battle) much like in ''Super Mario World''. In addition, Larry, Morton, Wendy, Iggy, and Lemmy fight Mario in the cabin area of their airships, while Roy and Ludwig fight Mario on the crows nest of their airships.
The Koopalings' individual personalities have not been fleshed out much besides being childlike, their desire to cause mayhem, and their loyalty to Bowser. However, there were some hints in various supplementary materials. Some of the personalities changed between localizations. For example, Roy in the North American localizations was depicted in a manner similar to a bully (which also earned him the name "Bully" in the DIC cartoons), but the Japanese ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' instruction booklet and ''Super Mario Advance 4'' [[Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 e-Reader cards|e-Reader cards]] give him a calm and collected demeanor. The original manual also gave each of the Koopalings several quirks unique to each of them that hinted at their individual personalities with some speeches uttered by them; however, the official English translation toned down several of these quirks or removed them altogether. Although loyal to Bowser, they also did not wish to be on the receiving end of Bowser's rage if they failed a task, as evidenced by Larry's reason for why he and the other Koopalings will not give up the kings' wands easily to Mario, as he stated that the alternative would be to get yelled at by Bowser. Prior to their modern depictions, they were given distinguishing characteristics in ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' and the ''[[Super Mario World (television series)|Super Mario World]]'' cartoon, as well as the ''[[Nintendo Comics System]]'' and ''[[Nintendo Adventure Books]]''. In ''Mario Kart 8'', the Koopalings seem to have better speech capabilities than Bowser, as they can be heard saying their names at several points, and even yelling one or two-liners. In addition to being childlike, a [[Play Nintendo]] quiz describes the Koopalings as "zany".<ref>https://play.nintendo.com/activities/quizzes/which-mario-kart-8-racer-are-you-most/ If you get Bowser.</ref>


Lemmy is the [[Acorn Plains]] boss and thus the first Koopaling to fight, followed by Morton who is the boss of [[Layer Cake Desert]], (which is his first time as a desert boss since ''Super Mario Bros. 3''), Wendy as the [[Frosted Glacier]] boss, Larry as the [[Sparkling Waters]] boss, Iggy to be the boss of [[Soda Jungle]], much like how he was the boss of [[World 5 (New Super Mario Bros. Wii)|World 5]] in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' and Roy as the boss of [[Rock-Candy Mines]], leaving Ludwig as the final Koopaling to fight, like in the previous ''New Super Mario Bros'' games, as the boss of [[Meringue Clouds]].
The Koopalings' loyalty to Bowser is strong enough that they are willing to serve him even when "Bowser" is actually not himself and in fact possessed by another figure. This is implied by their servitude to [[Bowletta]] in ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' and later confirmed in ''Paper Mario: Color Splash'', where Wendy and Larry specifically mention doing their actions for Bowser and Morton indirectly says that as well despite Bowser being under the influence of [[black paint]]. In the former game's remake, they also possessed strong enough wills that Fawful, when brainwashing them with his spray, was ultimately forced to use a maximum potent dosage on them to sway them to his side.


The Koopalings survive the battle, and were presumably picked up by Bowser Jr. and were onboard his airship. When the Koopa Troop called a retreat shortly after Bowser was defeated, Bowser inadvertently destroyed the ship while attempting to board it, with the Koopalings clinging to Bowser's tail, while Bowser himself held on to Bowser Jr's Koopa Clown Car.
They were also willing to work with Bowser's son, Bowser Jr., and had little problem with him, as implied by Roy Koopa briefly calling him squirt (Young Master in the Japanese version) and overall talking to him in a casual nature. However, ''Bowser Jr.'s Journey'' indicated that even they have their limits when working with Bowser Jr., as many of them ended up quitting on him due to being fed up with his notoriously selfish nature while they were trying to hunt for the remedy for the [[blorbs]], the only real exceptions being Iggy and Morton, the former being forced to leave by Bowser Jr. due to finding him annoying, and the latter ended up brainwashed by the Best Fitness Friends into attacking Bowser Jr..


=====''New Super Luigi U''=====
===Abilities===
The Koopalings return in ''[[New Super Luigi U]]''. Unlike most other aspects of the game, they act the same way as they do in ''New Super Mario Bros. U''. At the beginning of each castle, a stone face of the Koopaling with glowing eyes will appear on a wall, but is only for decorative purposes.
The Koopalings each have varying abilities, but in general, the Koopalings are capable of using their shell as both a method of defense and a method of offense. In addition, they are all capable of jumping very high, and are all skilled in magic, frequently using magic wands as a weapon. While only Ludwig, Iggy, and Larry spat fireballs in ''Super Mario World'', ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' revealed that all Koopalings have this ability. Despite that, they are weak to fireballs, though their exact limit has varied between taking multiple fireballs to take down, or being one-hit knocked out by a single fireball. Similar to Bowser, they also have a tendency to survive dangerous hits. This is especially evident with their defeat in ''Super Mario World'', where Larry, Wendy, Iggy, and Lemmy were dunked into lava by the Mario Bros., and each Koopaling later had their castles collapse on them, in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' where they, alongside Bowser and Bowser Jr., ended up surviving being crushed by Bowser's falling castle, and in ''New Super Mario Bros. 2'', where all of them were accidentally knocked into the lava twice (once by a gigantic Bowser, and then by a gigantic Dry Bowser). Their fighting prowess was such that they managed to casually knock away several [[Beanie]]s while discussing how they can find Bowser at the same time in ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions''.


===Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.===
In terms of talents unique to individual Koopalings, they seem to know their own spells. While most of them simply cast a colorful shot of magic that slowly flies in a straight line, Wendy instead creates glowing rings that ricochet off the surfaces of the room, and Lemmy creates bouncing circus balls that can knock the Mario Bros. into a bottomless pit. In every game appearance outside of ''Super Mario World'', Lemmy is always seen in battle balancing on top of a big yellow circus ball covered with starry patterns. Ludwig could create earthquakes with his descents in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', an ability that was taken away from him ever since ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', but kept by Roy and Morton. Ludwig was given the ability to flutter jump in the ''New Super Mario Bros.'' games instead. In ''Super Mario World'', Roy and Morton were able to walk up walls and ceilings and drop down at will.
[[Image:AnimeKoopalings.jpg|thumb|150px|Ludwig, Iggy, Larry, Roy and Wendy, as they appear in the ''Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.'']]
The first appearance of the Koopalings outside of video games was in the Japanese-exclusive [[Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.|''Super Mario'' anime series]], which was an adaptation of three fairy tales. In the ''Mario'' version of ''[[wikipedia:Momotarō|Momotarō]]'', they appeared as the minions of Bowser, who was portrayed as the stories' ogre. The Koopalings also appeared as minions of Bowser (now the Wicked Queen) in the adaptation of ''[[wikipedia:Snow White|Snow White]]'' ("''Shirayukihime''").


===DIC Cartoons===
===Family relationship===
[[File:CartoonKoopalings.jpg|thumb|left|180px|The Koopalings, as seen in ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]''.]]
[[File:SMSQPB2 Kuppa to koKuppa tachi transparent.png|200px|thumb|right|The Koopalings serve as Bowser’s children in older ''Super Mario'' games.<ref name="JFCSMB3manual"/>]]
In ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' and ''[[Super Mario World (television series)|Super Mario World]]'' produced by [[Nintendo]] and [[DIC Entertainment]], the Koopalings (sometimes referred to as the Koopa Kids) were featured as recurring villains, replacing [[Mouser]], [[Tryclyde]], [[Fryguy]] and [[Clawgrip]] from ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]''. Oddly, the names of the Koopalings were altered in ''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''. This is probably due to the show's creators using the Japanese version of ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' as a reference and as the Koopalings weren't named in that game, the show creators simply created names and gave the Koopa Kids (as they were called) personalities to match these names. These names were presumably kept in the ''Super Mario World'' animated series, which was created after the Koopa Kids were officially named, so as not to confuse viewers.
In their first appearance in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', the Koopalings were introduced as siblings and Bowser's own children.<ref>{{file link|SMB3 - Japanese Promotional Pamphlet.jpg|A Japanese promotional pamphlet for ''Super Mario Bros. 3''}} The Koopalings are called「大魔王クッパの子供達」(Daimaō Kuppa no kodomo-tachi), which means "Great Demon King Koopa's children". The picture of this pamphlet is found in every version of [[Super Mario History 1985-2010]] booklet except North American.</ref><ref name="JFCSMB3manual">In the Japanese instruction booklet of ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', they are called「{{ruby|自分|じぶん}}の{{ruby|子供|こども}}コクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}」in the story section ({{file link|SMB3 Japanese manual pages 4 5.jpg|page 4}}), and King Koopa's line ({{file link|SMB3 Japanese manual pages 2 3.jpg|page 2}}) reads「ワッハハ。これから{{ruby|俺様|おれさま}}の{{ruby|息子達|むすこたち}}がこのゲームの{{ruby|説明|せつめい}}をするぜ。{{ruby|息子達|むすこたち}}の{{ruby|言|い}}うことをよーく{{ruby|聞|き}}いてせいぜいガンバルことだな。ワッハハ。」Note Koopa's use of「{{ruby|俺様|おれさま}}の{{ruby|息子たち|むすこ達}}」(''ore-sama no musuko-tachi''), which equates to "my children" (or, literally, "my sons") while at the same time referring to himself in an arrogant manner. The children are introduced with the phrase「そして、これがコクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}だ!!」({{file link|SMB3 Japanese manual pages 2 3.jpg|page 3}}). Larry ({{file link|SMB3 Japanese manual pages 4 5.jpg|page 4}}), Morton ({{file link|SMB3 Japanese manual pages 8 9.jpg|page 8}}) and Lemmy ({{file link|SMB3 Japanese manual pages 34 35.jpg|page 34}}) refer to King Koopa as「オヤジ」(''oyaji''), which is both a Japanese word for "father" as well as a term of endearment.</ref><ref name="SMB3">''Super Mario Bros. 3'' English instruction booklet. In the story section (page 5), they are called "Bowser's 7 kids" and "his 7 children", and Bowser's line (page 3) reads "Ha Ha Ha! These are my 7 children that are going to help me take over the Mushroom World!" The children are introduced with the phrase "These are Bowser's kids!!" (page 4). Larry (page 5), Morton (page 9) and Lemmy (page 34) refer to Bowser as their father or dad.</ref> Most re-releases and remakes of this 1988 game as well as republications of the game's story retain this detail in Japan, including the 2013 [[Nintendo 3DS]] [[Virtual Console]] release.<ref name="SMB33DSJM">[https://www.nintendo.co.jp/data/software/manual/man_tabj.pdf A PDF manual for ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' '''Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console release'''] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20230314214503/https://www.nintendo.co.jp/data/software/manual/man_tabj.pdf March 2023 archive]) available on the [https://www.nintendo.co.jp/3ds/eshop/vc/tabj/index.html Nintendo of Japan eShop website], released January 1, 2013. (Retrieved February 15, 2013)</ref><ref name="JSMA4M" >Nintendo Co., Ltd. (2003). [https://www.nintendo.co.jp/data/software/manual/manual_paqj_00.pdf Scans of the Japanese manual of ''Super Mario Advance 4'']. Retrieved December 23, 2015.</ref><ref name="JSMB3M">[https://www.nintendo.co.jp/clv/manuals/ja/pdf/CLV-P-HAACJ.pdf Scans of the original Japanese ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' manual, hosted on Nintendo Co. Ltd. site]. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref> However, the 2007 Japanese Wii Virtual Console version's manual does not mention their relationship to Bowser,<ref>[https://www.nintendo.co.jp/wii/vc/vc_smb3/vc_smb3_02.html ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' Wii Virtual Console website], released December 11, 2007.</ref> and the 2015 Japanese ''[[Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.]]'' uses a less strong statement than the one found in the original manual.<ref name="Encyclopedia">On page 33 of the ''Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.'', there is this statement:「※取扱説明書のものをそのまま掲載しています。」; despite this, the part of the story where the Koopalings are introduced is this one:「さんざんこらしめたはずの大魔王クッパもマリオのいるキノコ王国からは手を引いたものの今度は子供コクッパ7兄弟を仲間に入れ、ワールドのあちこちでイタズラのやり放題。」; the「自分の」between「今度は」and「子供コクッパ7兄弟」, which roughly means "[Bowser's] own" and is present {{file link|SMB3_Japanese_manual_pages_4_5.jpg|on page 4 of the original Japanese ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' manual}}, is absent in this story. The meaning of the sentence is roughly unaltered, as this wording omitting the possessive pronoun has also been used in the ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2'' and ''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3'', the latter of which also used the stronger form of the original story of ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' showing the similar meaning of the two wordings, but the new one is less strong and explicit.</ref> The 2018 English and French versions of ''Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.'' preserve the original manual's description of the Koopalings being Bowser's children verbatim,<ref name="EncyclopediaNA">''Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.''. Page 47. "''Bowser sent his seven children to make mischief as they please in the normally peaceful Mushroom World.''" (October 16, 2018)</ref><ref>On page 33 of the French translation of ''Super Mario Bros. Encyclopedia'', in the story of ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' it is told ''Bowser a envoyé ses sept enfants agir comme bon leur semble au sein du Monde des Champignons habituellement plutôt calme.'' (''Bowser sent his seven children to act as they see fit within the usually rather calm Mushroom World''). At page 144 in the general enemy description of ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' it is told ''Les sept frères et soeurs de la famille Bowser sont également présents''[...] (''The seven siblings of the Bowser family are also present'').</ref> while the German and Spanish translations of said book make no mention of their relationship.<ref>An excerpt of page 33 of the German translation of the ''Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.'', containing the story of ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''. The sentence ''Allerdings macht er sieben Koopalinge zu seinen Untertanen'' roughly means ''Indeed he turned seven Koopalings into his subjects''.</ref><ref>Page 33 of the Spanish translation of the ''Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.'', containing the story of ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''. The sentence ''Sin embargo, esta vez cuenta con la ayuda de los siete Koopalings, que hacen maldades por todas partes.'' roughly means ''Nonetheless, this time [he] has the help of the seven Koopalings, who cause troubles everywhere.''</ref> Translations of ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', its re-releases, remakes, official guides, and websites have kept this detail to varying degrees, with most calling the Koopalings Bowser's offspring.<ref>{{file link|PWPNNC page 169.png|Page 169 of ''Playing with Power: Nintendo NES Classics''}}, containing part of an interview present in the January/February 1990 issue of ''Nintendo Power''</ref><ref>{{cite|author=Rocha, Garitt, and Nick von Esmarch|title=''Playing With Power: Nintendo NES Classics''|publisher=[[Prima Games]]|date=November 11, 2016|isbn=9780744017779|language=en-us|page={{file link|PWPNNC page 196.png|196}}}}, containing the story of ''Super Mario Bros. 3''</ref><ref name="ENGSMA4M">{{cite|author=Nintendo of Europe|url=cdn02.nintendo-europe.com/media/downloads/games_8/emanuals/game_boy_advance_8/Manual_GameBoyAdvance_SuperMarioAdvance4SuperMarioBros3_EN_DE_FR_ES_IT.pdf|format=PDF|title=''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3''|publisher=Nintendo of Europe CDN|accessdate=March 8, 2016}}</ref><ref name="KoopalingsUK">{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Games/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' '''Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console release'''|publisher=Nintendo of Europe|language=en-gb|archive=archive.today/2014.06.29-171822/http://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref><ref name="SMB3IT">{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/it-it/Giochi/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3''|publisher=Nintendo of Italy|language=it|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref><ref name="SMB3DE">{{cite|language=de|url=www.nintendo.com/de-de/Spiele/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3''|publisher=Nintendo of Germany|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref><ref name="SMB3NL">{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/nl-nl/Games/NES/Super-Mario-Bros-3-279558.html|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3''|publisher=Nintendo of Benelux|language=nl|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref><ref name="SMA4guide">{{file link|SMA4 Japanese Guide Page 4.png|Page 4 of the Japanese ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3''}}. Note how, while in the story they are referred as ''<nowiki>[</nowiki>Bowser's<nowiki>]</nowiki> own children'' (「{{ruby|自分|じぶん}}の{{ruby|子|こ}}どもの「コクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}」」), in Bowser's bio the possessive referred to the ''children'' term (「{{ruby|子|こ}}どもたち」) is missing like in the case of the ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2''.</ref> The 1990 cartoon based on the game, ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', follows this portrayal, with the Koopalings referring to Bowser as "king dad".<ref>''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]: ''[[Sneaky Lying Cheating Giant Ninja Koopas]]</ref>
[[File:CartoonKoopaFamily.jpg|200px|thumb|left|The family in ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'']]


Also in the show, the order of the Koopalings' ages were altered; see the section [[Koopalings#Birth Order|Birth Order]] for more information. Rather than acting as Bowser's highest ranking minions, the Koopa Kids acted directly as his children. They did things such as try to get his attention, gain his appreciation, and even plot against him. Cheatsy and Kooky (Larry and Ludwig) seemed to be Bowser's favorites out of the bunch, which somewhat follows the games. Lemmy, Wendy, and Roy were the only Koopa Kids who closely resembled their game counterparts.
The 1991 ''[[Super Mario World]]'' English manual,<ref name=ship>''Super Mario World'' English instruction booklet, {{file link|SMW NA Manual Pages 19 20.png|page 20}} (Mysterious Sunken Ship description) "That's right, in Super Mario Bros. 3, '''Koopa and his kids''' used a flying ship to make life tough for Mario.".</ref> the Japanese ''Nintendo Official Guidebooks'' for both the original and 2001 ''[[Super Mario Advance 2: Super Mario World]]'' remake,<ref name="SMB4guide">{{file link|SMB4 Koopa Family.png|Page 32 of the first volume of the Japanese Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario World, part of the second unit of the volume, named ''Character''}}. The reddish purple headers used for both Bowser and the Koopalings indicate that they are part of the Koopa family, as the explanatory header on the upper left corner shows.</ref><ref name="SMA2guide">{{file link|SMA2 Japanese Guide Page 20.png|Page 20 of the Japanese ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2''}}. The Koopalings are stated being「7{{ruby|匹|ひき}}の子ども=コクッパ」, roughly meaning ''(Bowser's) seven children=Koopalings'' using an implicit possessive pronoun.</ref> and related 1990 Japanese materials state that the Koopalings are Bowsers' children,<ref name="SMB4KokuppaCard">{{file link|Kokuppa SMB4 Card.jpg|Japanese card about the Koopalings in ''Super Mario World''}}, in which they are referred to as「クッパ{{ruby|大|だい}}{{ruby|魔|ま}}{{ruby|王|おう}}の7{{ruby|人|にん}}の{{ruby|息子|むすこ}}たち。」, meaning "The seven children of the (demon/sorcerer) king Bowser.". Note that their name is written with「7兄弟」instead of「7人衆」.</ref> while the in-game text and Japanese manual (as well as its re-releases and remakes) do not make any direct statements about their relationship. In three character books written with the involvement of [[Nintendo]], the Koopalings are considered Bowser's children, and in two cases explicitly stated to be members of his ''royal family'' (「{{ruby|王|おう}}{{ruby|族|ぞく}}」).<ref name="SMCE">In both {{file link|SMCE pages 18 19.png|the ''Super Mario World'' section}}, {{file link|SMCE page 214.png|the ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' section}} and {{file link|SMCE pages 88 89.png|the section about the Koopa Troop}} of the ''Super Mario Complete Encyclopedia'' (「スーパーマリオ{{ruby|全百科|オールひゃっか}}」), a book {{file link|SMCE page 256.png|written in 1991 in collaboration with Nintendo}}, the Koopalings are considered, along with Bowser, to be part of the ''King Tribe'' (「{{ruby|王 |おう}}{{ruby|族|ぞく}}」), that {{file link|SMCE pages 88 89.png|page 89}} states being formed by ''every member of the royal family that leads the Bowser Army corps'' (「クッパ{{ruby|軍団|ぐんだん}}を{{ruby|統率|とうそつ}}する{{ruby|王家|おうけ}}の{{ruby|面々|めんめん}}」). In particular, their relationship is explained in the ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' section of the book, where the Koopalings are stated, on {{file link|SMCE pages 150 151.png|page 151}}, to be Bowser's children「クッパの{{ruby|子|こ}}ども、コクッパたち」) and where Bowser on {{file link|SMCE page 228.png|page 228}} is referred to as the ''demon/sorcerer king'' (「{{ruby|大魔王|だいまおう}}」) and on {{file link|SMCE page 214.png|page 214}} Larry Koopa is stated to be the ''youngest child of the demon/sorcerer king'' (「{{ruby|大魔王|だいまおう}}の{{ruby|末|すえ}}っ{{ruby|子|こ}}」), while the Koopalings are stated to be siblings as well (「コクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}」).</ref><ref name="PEGMCE">On {{file link|PEGMCE page 193.png|page 193 of the ''Perfect Edition of the Great Mario Character Encyclopedia'' (「パーフェクト版マリオキャラクター大事典」)}}, a book {{file link|PEGMCE Last Page.png|written in 1994 in collaboration with Nintendo}}, Roy is shown as an example of ''Bowser's group'' (「クッパ{{ruby|系|けい}}」), further described as ''the family of the Great King Bowser'' (「クッパ{{ruby|大王|だいおう}}の{{ruby|一族|いちぞく}}」), on {{file link|PEGMCE pages 228 229.png|page 228}} Larry is stated to be the son of the Great Demon/Sorcerer King Bowser (「クッパ{{ruby|大魔王|だいまおう}}の{{ruby|子供|こども}}」); finally on {{file link|PEGMCE page 42.png|page 42}} the Koopalings are called again the ''7 Koopalings Siblings'' (「コクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}」).</ref><ref name="Great Picture Book">On {{file link|SMBD pages 10 11.png|pages 10 and 11 of the ''Super Mario Bros. Daizukan'' (「スーパーマリオ大図鑑」)}} a book {{file link|SMBD Colophon.png|written at the end of 1994 under the supervision of Nintendo}}, the Koopa Troop is stated to have ''Bowser's seven children as its great leaders'' (「7{{ruby|人|にん}}のクッパの{{ruby|子|こ}}どもを{{ruby|大幹部|だいかんぶ}}として」), with the Koopalings presented below. Furthermore, on {{file link|SMBD pages 34 35.png|pages 34 and 35}}, it is explicitly stated that ''Koopalings=Bowser's children'' (「コクッパ=クッパの{{ruby|子|こ}}ども」), with Morton and Ludwig presented as ''one of the seven children of the Great King Bowser'' (「クッパ{{ruby|大王|だいおう}}の7{{ruby|人|にん}}の{{ruby|子|こ}}どものひとり」), Larry being presented as the ''youngest of the seven children of the Great King Bowser'' (「クッパ{{ruby|大王|だいおう}}の7{{ruby|人|にん}}の{{ruby|子|こ}}どものすえっ{{ruby|子|こ}}」) and Roy's bio starting with ''Among the sons of Bowser, he's the heaviest'' (「クッパのむすこの{{ruby|中|なか}}で, もっとも{{ruby|体重|たいじゅう}}が{{ruby|重|おも}}い」).</ref>


===Comics===
The back of the English ''[[Yoshi's Safari]]'' box calls them Bowser's "offspring" in 1993, and the French translation of said text uses the same term as well,<ref name="YSNAback">{{file link|SnesyoshissafariBack.jpg|Back of the North American box of ''Yoshi's Safari''}}.</ref> which is absent in the Japanese manual.<ref>{{file link|YRH Manual pages 2 3 opt.png|Pages 2 and 3 of the Japanese manual of ''Yoshi's Safari''}}, which contain the story of the game. Bowser and the Koopalings are together called「クッパ{{ruby|達|たち}}」''Koopa-tachi'', just like in other Japanese material such as {{file link|SMSQPB6 Kuppa tachi.png|Super Mario Story Quiz Picture Book 6: Friend Kidnapped (「スーパーマリオおはなしクイズえほん 6 さらわれたともだち」)}}.</ref>
[[File:ValiantKoopalings.jpg|thumb|right|The Koopalings in the story ''[[Bowser Knows Best]]''.]]
The Koopalings were recurring characters in [[Valiant Comics|Valiant's]] [[Nintendo Comics System]] imprint. Here, their personalities were somewhat similar to their animated series counterparts, though they had their original names and appearances. While Wendy and Lemmy each had solo appearances (the former in ''[[Fins and Roses]]'', and the latter in ''[[The Buddy System]]'' and ''[[The Revenge of Pipe Ooze!]]'') their siblings only appeared in the story ''[[Bowser Knows Best]]'' (where the group abduct Princess Toadstool for Bowser as a Father's Day present) and the short ''[[Get Kooped Up With the Nicest People!]]'' (where they and Bowser are shown vacationing in a resort called Klub Koopa).


In ''[[Nintendo Power]]'s'' ''[[Super Mario Adventures]]'' comic, the Koopalings acted as Bowser's henchmen in his plot to kidnap and marry [[Princess Peach|Princess Toadstool]].
The manual for the [[Mario is Missing! (Super Nintendo Entertainment System)|SNES version of ''Mario is Missing!'']] vaguely describes the Koopalings as Bowser's "bad boys",<ref>''Mario is Missing!'' SNES instruction booklet. Page 2.</ref> although in the [[Mario is Missing! (PC)|DOS version]]'s in-game dialogue, the Koopalings refer to Bowser by name rather than with a familial title. In ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'', Bowser's seven children are mentioned in both the Japanese and English versions,<ref name="JSSBMBowser">{{file link|JSSBM Bowser Trophy.jpg|In ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'', the first trophy of Bowser in Japanese refers to him as having「7人のこども」}}.</ref> and this relationship is also mentioned in the ''[[Super Mario Advance (series)|Super Mario Advance]]'' series from 2001 to 2003.<ref name="SMA2guide" /><ref name="SMA4guide">{{file link|SMA4 Japanese Guide Page 4.png|Page 4 of the Japanese ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3''}}. Note how, while in the story they are referred as ''<nowiki>[</nowiki>Bowser's<nowiki>]</nowiki> own children'' (「{{ruby|自分|じぶん}}の{{ruby|子|こ}}どもの「コクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}」」), in Bowser's bio the possessive referred to the ''children'' term (「{{ruby|子|こ}}どもたち」) is missing like in the case of the ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2''.</ref>


===Nintendo Adventure Books===
Following the introduction of [[Bowser Jr.]] in 2002, who is treated independently from the Koopalings, and the lack of major appearances from the Koopalings between ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]'' in 2003 and ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' in 2009, there was confusion about the nature of Bowser's parenthood. Bowser Jr. was first implied to have replaced the Koopalings as Bowser's sole child in the description of Bowser's trophy in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'', the Japanese version of which refers to Bowser Jr. as「ひとり息子」, meaning "one son" or "only son".<ref>{{file link|JSSBB Bowser Trophy.jpg|The first trophy of Bowser in the Japanese version of ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl''}}.</ref> While the Koopalings and Bowser Jr. appear together in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', official websites refer to the Koopalings as Bowser's minions rather than his children, and as each other's comrades rather than siblings;<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/en-gb/Games/Wii/New-Super-Mario-Bros-Wii-282376.html|title=European ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' website] showing the initial name change to "Bowser's Minions" in Europe (albeit while grouped together with Bowser Jr. as the "Koopa Clan")|publisher=Nintendo of UK|language=en-gb|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.co.jp/wii/smnj/story/index.html|title=''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' story and character page|publisher=Nintendo|accessdate=June 28, 2024}} Ludwig's bio refers to the Koopalings as「{{ruby|仲間|なかま}}」, meaning comrades, partners or company.</ref> however, the game's [[Prima Games|Prima]] guide refers to the Koopalings and Bowser Jr. collectively as Bowser's children, and considers Bowser Jr. to be a Koopaling himself.<ref>{{cite|author=Bueno, Fernando|title=''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' PRIMA Official Game Guide|page=18|date=November 15, 2009|publisher=[[Prima Games]]|language=en-us|isbn=978-0-307-46592-4|quote=Just when Mario and the gang were ready to give the Princess her gifts, Bowser's bratty kids crashed the party!}}</ref><ref>{{cite|author=Bueno, Fernando|title=''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' PRIMA Official Game Guide|page=129|date=November 15, 2009|publisher=[[Prima Games]]|language=en-us|isbn=978-0-307-46592-4|quote=After you reach Bowser Jr.'s chamber, the bothersome Koopaling hops into his [[Junior Clown Car|flying carriage]].}}</ref> In a September 2012 interview, [[Shigeru Miyamoto]], speaking with [[Takashi Tezuka]], stated that the "current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children", leaving Bowser Jr. as his only child (with an unknown mother).<ref name="Miyamoto">{{cite|author=Ryckert, Dan|date=September 10, 2015|url=www.gameinformer.com/b/features/archive/2015/09/10/miyamoto-tezuka-interview.aspx|title=Mario's Creators Answer Burning Questions About The Series|language=en|accessdate=June 28, 2024|publisher=GameInformer|quote=Our current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children. Bowser's only child is Bowser Jr., and we do not know who the mother is.}}</ref> In the Japanese Nintendo Direct announcing the Koopalings as playable characters in ''[[Mario Kart 8]]'', they are described as「クッパ{{ruby|大魔王|だいまおう}}の{{ruby|子分|こぶん}}」(King Koopa's ''kobun''),<ref>{{cite|language=ja|author=ゲーム情報チャンネル|date=May 5, 2014|url=www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtA40B4o5iM&t=11m5s|timestamp=11:05|title=マリオカート8 Direct 2014 4 30 プレゼンテーション映像|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref> which can refer to either underlings or adopted children. Their [[List of Palutena's Guidance conversations#Koopalings|guidance conversation]] in ''[[Super Smash Bros. for Wii U]]'' (which was later used again in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate]]'') notes their resemblance to Bowser Jr. and calls the relationship between them and Bowser a mystery, with the Japanese version also mentioning that they have been heard to be Bowser's minions. The website [[Play Nintendo]] has implied that Bowser needs to treat them more like his family.<ref>{{cite|url=play.nintendo.com/activities/polls/bowsers-new-years-resolutions|title=An official poll in which the fifth choice for Bowser's New Year's resolution is "''Try to spend more time with the Koopalings.|publisher=[[Play Nintendo]]|language=en-us|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref> [[Mario Kart: Bowser's Challenge]] at [[Super Nintendo World]] has Bowser and the Koopalings form the antagonistic racing team; the queue has several vague allusions to their relationship, such as books with titles such as ''Raising Destructive Children'' and ''Sibling Rivalries and How to Exploit Them''<ref>{{cite|url=wdwnt.com/2021/02/photos-video-experience-mario-kart-koopas-challenge-with-ar-pov-and-full-queue-tour|title=PHOTO & VIDEO TOUR – Ride Mario Kart: Koopa’s Challenge With & Without AR Headset and Tour The Full Queue in Super Nintendo World|publisher=WDW News Today|accessdate=June 28, 2024|language=en}}</ref> (though the latter may instead be referring to [[Mario]] and [[Luigi]]).
The Koopalings appeared throughout the [[Nintendo Adventure Books]], often aiding Bowser in his latest scheme, though they would occasionally strike out on their own, as was the case with Ludwig in ''[[Pipe Down!]]'' and Iggy in ''[[Brain Drain]]''. The only book in which all seven appeared together was ''[[Koopa Capers]]'', which has Wendy steal her brothers' wand so she can fuse them with her own to make a super wand that, along with minions loyal only to her, would allow her to usurp her father.


In the books Iggy was the Koopaling featured the most, often appearing as the main threat due to whipping up a new invention like the [[GLOM]], [[Monster Mixer]] and [[Synapse Switcher]]. Larry was used the least, his only noteworthy role in the series being ambushing Mario and Yoshi in an entirely skippable sequence in ''[[Dinosaur Dilemma]]''.
In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', the Koopalings have lines of dialogue, which would later continue in games such as ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games]]'', ''[[Paper Mario: Color Splash]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey]]'', and ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020]]''. To reflect their revised portrayal, in the Japanese versions of the games, the Koopalings refer to Bowser as ''Master Bowser'' (「クッパ{{ruby|様|さま}}」) and consider each other comrades (「{{ruby|仲間|なかま}}」) without any family relationship, though multiple translations, including the English versions, portray them as siblings.<ref>As an example, Larry's ''TALK_CUPCHAT_PR_LOSE_LAR_USUAL_0'' line in the Wii U version of Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games states「さすがに{{ruby|予選|よせん}}で{{ruby|負|ま}}けるってのは はずかしいな。{{ruby|仲間|なかま}}たちには{{ruby|笑|わら}}われるだろうしクッパさまにはドヤされるだろうし、まいったぜ。」Note the use of both「{{ruby|仲間|なかま}}」and「クッパさま」.</ref><ref>{{cite|author=aika|language=ja|date=December 11, 2015|url=youtu.be/YbHkj1xGIVI?t=180|timestamp=03:00|title=【3DS】マリオ&ルイージRPG ペーパーマリオMIX ルドウィッグ&ラリー戦|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=June 28, 2024}} In the dialogue at the beginning of the battle against Larry and Ludwig, Larry does not call Ludwig ''brother'', while in the English versions and in most other Western translations he does.</ref> While the Japanese and English versions of ''Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam'' portray the Koopalings' relationship to Bowser simply as them being his minions, the Italian and German translations mention that Bowser is their father.<ref>Games' Art (December 30, 2015). [https://youtu.be/HsZcDCGJyBM?t=773 38 Mario e Luigi: Paper Jam Bros ITA - Neo Castello di Bowser parte 2]. ''YouTube''. Retrieved January 14, 2016. After Iggy presses the button, Lemmy says: "''Daaaaaad! This is not fair!''".</ref><ref>LETSPLAYmarkus (January 19, 2016). [https://youtu.be/5VZcaA4tZNo?t=565 <nowiki>MARIO & LUIGI: PAPER JAM BROS. # 57 ★ Der letzte und höchste Rang! [HD | 60fps]</nowiki>]. ''YouTube'' (German). Retrieved January 19, 2016. After being defeated, Morton says: "''Forgive us... Father. I mean, of course... Master Bowser!''".</ref> Additionally, the Italian translation of ''Paper Mario: Color Splash'' is devoid of every explicit mention of the Koopalings as Bowser's minions present in the Japanese version.<ref>While [https://www.nintendo.it/Notizie/2016/giugno/Non-perderti-le-ultime-informazioni-su-Paper-Mario-Color-Splash-per-Wii-U--1117398.html in the preview] the Koopalings are referred to using the ''Bowser's minions'' term (''scagnozzi di Bowser'') used in the ''[[New Super Mario Bros. (series)|New Super Mario Bros.]]'' games, and even though in the final game [https://youtu.be/n5jFO0ErW_g?t=681 Morton mentions ''the boss''] (''il capo'') without specifying who he is supposed to be, as soon as Bowser is revealed [https://youtu.be/c1ShokOB5cg?t=2230 Ludwig], [https://youtu.be/0KHkDZfT_Es?t=1435 Wendy], [https://youtu.be/dWxzKA5RYZs?t=1730 Larry] and [https://youtu.be/T4jSKKyFIlI?t=997 Roy] always refer to him by name without adding any other title, Roy even directly asks Bowser to avenge his defeat, this attempt being absent [https://youtu.be/N_ZXYBA3rIs?t=891 in the Japanese version]. Furthermore, the Koopalings are always referred to as ''Little Bowsers'' (''Bowserotti'', the Italian term originally used for the Koopalings, itself a direct translation of the 「コクッパ」 term), as can be seen already [https://youtu.be/dWxzKA5RYZs?t=1730 before fighting Larry], even when the Japanese version explicitly use the ''Bowser's minions'' (「クッパの{{ruby|手下|てした}}」) term in place of the ''Team of 7 Bowsers'' (「クッパ7{{ruby|人衆|にんしゅう}}」) term that should be translated as ''Bowserotti'', as can be seen before fighting Lemmy (where in the [https://youtu.be/owAMX0L20fM?t=645 Japanese version] 「クッパの{{ruby|手下|てした}}」 is used and in the [https://youtu.be/-veTyON5u5M?t=798 Italian localization] ''Bowserotti'' is used instead), as well as in the ''GB_RedRescue13'' line of the 13th Rescue Red Toad who states ''Hai già sconfitto Morton, Iggy, Ludwig, Wendy e Larry. Ti restano solo due Bowserotti!'' (while the [https://youtu.be/owAMX0L20fM?t=334 Japanese version] again uses the 「クッパの{{ruby|手下|てした}}」 term).</ref> The Italian manual of ''[[Monopoly Gamer|Monopoly Gamer Collector's Edition]]'' presents the Koopalings as the seven most dangerous amongst Bowser's minions,<ref>On {{file link|MGCE Italian Manual page 22.png|Page 22 of the Italian manual of ''Monopoly Gamer Collector's Edition''}}, the Koopalings' bio states ''I Bowserotti sono sette dei più pericolosi, cattivi e perfidi scagnozzi di Bowser.'' which means ''The Koopalings are seven among the most dangerous, bad and malicious minions of Bowser''.</ref> and the Italian and German translations of ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions'' retain a mention from the Japanese version that Bowser Jr. is the only son of Bowser.<ref>In the Japanese version of ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions#Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser|Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser]]'' [https://youtu.be/vbQaLbxKxbQ?t=1046 Bowser Jr. is stated in his bio to be「大魔王クッパの1人息子」] (''Great Demon/Warlock King Bowser's only son''), similarly in the  [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7u-EDTmeVCY&t=710 Italian localization] his bio states ''È l'unico figlio di Bowser'' (''He's the only son of Bowser'') and in the [https://youtu.be/PiCu6nTH3qs?t=774 German localization] his bio states ''Bowsers einiziger Sprössling'' (''Bowser's only offspring'').</ref>


===''Mario is Missing!''===
The Japanese website of ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe]]'', besides referring to them using the newer ''Team of Seven Bowsers'' (「クッパ7人衆」) term instead of the original ''Bowser's Minions'' (「クッパの手下」) term, also indicates that they are considered as the ''leaders of the Bowser clan'' (「クッパ一味の幹部」).<ref>{{cite|language=ja|ur=www.nintendo.co.jp/switch/adala/pc/story/index.html|title=''Story'' section of the official Japanese site of ''New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe''|publisher=Nintendo|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref>
In ''[[Mario is Missing!]]'', the Koopalings travel to [[Earth]] with Bowser to aid him in his plan to melt [[Antarctica]], thereby flooding the Earth. Presumably, they also acted as the commanders for each of the "Koopa critters" that were being deployed to steal the artifacts around the world. A Koopaling would guard the corridor of Bowser's fortress and battle [[Luigi]], who was searching for his missing brother. All it would take are a few bops on the head to defeat a Koopaling in ''Mario is Missing!''.


In the [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super Nintendo]] version of ''Mario is Missing!'', only [[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]], [[Roy Koopa|Roy]] and [[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]] appear, although [[Larry Koopa|Larry]] and [[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]] are mentioned in the manual; in the PC version of the game, [[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]] and [[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]] are the only ones not appearing, though they are mentioned in the game's manual. Cut dialogue in the latter version, however, implied that Lemmy and Morton were considered to be implemented as bosses. Also in the PC version, instead of stomping the Koopalings, Luigi defeats them with a single blast from a [[Fire Flower]] that he gains after locking each door on a floor. The PC version is also the only major appearance of the Koopalings where they actually speak in-game.
===Birth order===
{{rewrite|section=y|Larry as a leader needs more detail besides dismissing it a possible mistranslation, and seems more like a questionable choice that writers largely chose not to follow up on.}}
In ''[[Nintendo Power]]'', Larry was stated to be the youngest of the Koopalings<ref>{{cite|quote=Bowser's youngest Koopaling, Larry, has taken over the Grass Land.|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo Power Strategy Guide''|page=9|publisher=Nintendo of America|language=en-us|date=June 1990}}</ref> (reaffirmed as still true in his [[Trophy (Super Smash Bros. series)|trophy]] description in the American version of ''Super Smash Bros. for Wii U'' and his character origin [[smashwiki:List of tips (SSBU)/Fighters|tip]] in ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''), while Ludwig was said to be the oldest.<ref name=Second/> The birth order for the five middle children was not confirmed, although in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', as Larry is the first Koopaling to be fought and Ludwig is the last, the implication would seem to be that all seven Koopalings are fought in order from youngest to oldest (provided the player does not [[Warp Zone|warp]]); however, Morton is described as "one of the older Koopalings,"<ref>{{cite|quote=Being one of the older Koopalings, Morton's ship is more advanced than Larry's, and more dangerous!|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo Power Strategy Guide''|page=24|publisher=Nintendo of America|language=en-us|date=June 1990}}</ref> although this may have been in relation to Larry, the previous boss encountered. The same guide also stated that Ludwig is Bowser's second in command,<ref name=Second/> although this has since been supplanted by characters such as [[Kammy Koopa]], [[Kamek]], and [[Bowser Jr.]], as well as English versions of ''Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS'' and the European version of ''Super Smash Bros. for Wii U'' stating that Larry leads the Koopalings (though this is possibly due to a mistranslation). The Prima strategy guide for ''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3'' describes Roy as being "a little heavier than his younger family", which might indicate that Roy is one of the older Koopalings.<ref>{{cite|author=Hodgson, David S J.|title=''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3'' Prima's Official Strategy Guide|page=15|date=October 21, 2003|publisher=[[Prima Games]]|language=en-us|isbn=0-7615-4425-9|quote=Roy, the guardian of The Sky, is a little heavier than his younger family, and he pounds the ground when he lands from a jump, paralyzing Mario for a moment. Keep off the ground when Roy lands, and employ the regulation "three head stomps or 10 fireballs" takedown method.}}</ref> In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', Larry calls Ludwig "boss", and Ludwig shows that he thinks of himself as a leader, and even a king.


===''Yoshi's Safari''===
In ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', Hip and Hop (Lemmy and Iggy) are depicted as twins and are contradictorily believed to be the youngest. Although Kootie Pie (Wendy) celebrated her sixteenth birthday in "[[Reptiles in the Rose Garden]]", the specific ages of the others was never confirmed. According to the Writer's Bible included on the Shout! Factory DVD set and brief concept clips of the cartoon, the other Koopalings were all teenagers; Bully (Roy) was the eldest, followed by Big Mouth (Morton), Kooky (Ludwig), Cheatsy (Larry), Kootie Pie, and finally Hip and Hop both at six years old. This is seemingly the reference used for the ''[[Nintendo Adventure Books]]'' series, since in ''[[Leaping Lizards]]'' Morton exclaims, "Little brothers are so cowardly!" in regards to Iggy, although this may have been a quip at Luigi's expense (who expressed particular resentment at that remark).
In ''[[Yoshi's Safari]]'', the Koopalings once again aid Bowser in the conquest of a kingdom, this time [[Jewelry Land]]. In this game, the Koopalings attack Mario by using giant mecha weaponry. It would take various shots from Mario's [[Super Scope]] to beat a Koopaling, thus forcing it to hold up a white flag of defeat.


Larry, Wendy, and Morton were also given plush toys as part of the ''Yoshi's Safari'' plush set (along with Mario, Yoshi and Bowser)<ref>[http://www.videogamemm.com/main.php The Video Game Memorability Museum] has images of the six ''Yoshi's Sarafi'' plus toys. (Retrieved October 7, 2012).</ref>
===Fighting order===
 
The order the Koopalings are fought differ in each game they appear as bosses:
===''Hotel Mario''===
<center>
In ''[[Hotel Mario]]'' a Koopaling would guard a hotel which they had taken over. Mario would have to adventure through a [[Koopa Hotel]] and reach their room to battle them. Their hotels were passed in this order:
{|class="wikitable"width=70% style="text-align:center"
 
!Game
*[[Morton's WoodDoor-Hysteria]]  
!First
*[[Roy's HardBrick Hotel]]
!Second
*[[Larry's Chillton Hotel]]
!Third
*[[Lemmy's High-ate Regency Hotel]] 
!Fourth
*[[Ludwig's Thump Castle Hotel]]
!Fifth
*[[Wendy's Blitz Snarlton Hotel]]
!Sixth
 
!Seventh
Despite their efforts, and like in the previous engagements, the Koopalings were defeated. Iggy didn't have his own hotel, but he accompanied Bowser in the final battle.
|-
 
!''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' / ''[[Monopoly Gamer]]''
===''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''===
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
[[Image:Koopalings MandLSS.PNG|frame|The '''Koopalings''' in the order the player fights them.]]
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
{{quote|Koopalings! Your time has come!|Bowletta|Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga}}
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
 
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
After several years absence, the Koopalings make a return appearance in ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''. During the game, the witch [[Cackletta]] who had previously [[Bowletta|stolen Bowser's body]] takes control of [[Bowser's Castle#Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga|Bowser's Castle]] and uses the fortress to attack [[Beanbean Castle Town]]. The Koopalings serve "Bowletta" and work to impede the Mario Bros.' progress.
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
 
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
After getting into Bowser's Castle, Mario and Luigi fight the Koopalings in their respective rooms, usually needing to complete some sort of challenge in order to battle them. Additionally, the last three (Roy, Wendy and Larry) use a special [[Time Bob-omb]] in battle. If the Mario Bros. failed to end the battle successfully in 9 turns, the Bob-omb's timer would reach zero and it would explode, resulting in an instant [[Game Over]]. While the Mario Bros. ventured through the castle they encountered the Koopalings in the same order as in ''Super Mario World'' (Iggy, Morton, Lemmy, Ludwig, Roy, Wendy and Larry). After being defeated, each Koopaling left a warp point for the Mario Bros. None of the seven Koopalings had any lines of dialogue.
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
 
|-
===Other Appearances===
!''[[Super Mario World]]'' / ''[[Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]''
Iggy and Larry appear in ''[[Mario's Early Years]]''. Iggy is in the alphabet, and Larry comes out of a pipe if the player chose the correct answer, saying "I like your choice". Iggy also makes cameo appearances in ''[[wikipedia:Super Scope 6|Super Scope 6]]'' and ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''. In the former, he is shown riding a missile and chasing a plane piloted by Mario, while in the latter, an image of Mario fighting him in ''Super Mario World'' is briefly shown during [[F.L.U.D.D.]]'s scan.
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
 
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
[[File:KoopalingsSPP.PNG|frame|left|The '''Koopalings'''' Beta sprites for ''[[Super Princess Peach]]''.]]
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
The Koopalings were originally going to appear in ''Super Princess Peach'' as boss characters in the order of ''Super Mario World'', though they were [[List of Super Princess Peach beta elements|dropped from the final version of the game for unknown reasons]]. In this game, Roy, Wendy's, and Morton's shells were apparently going to be colored green like their brothers, rather than their original pink and grey coloration (respectively).
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
 
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
The Koopalings are mentioned briefly in Bowser's trophy in ''[[Super Smash Bros. Melee]]'', but only Bowser Jr. is mentioned in the ''[[Super Smash Bros. Brawl]]'' trophy, while Ludwig alone appears as a [[Sticker (Super Smash Bros. Brawl)|Sticker]].
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
 
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
Although the Koopalings do not directly appear in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games]]'', costumes that are based on them can be unlocked in that game, and are unlocked in the same order as the Koopalings were fought in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''.
|-
 
!''[[Yoshi's Safari]]''
==General Information==
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
===Names===
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
[[File:Koopalings7.jpg|thumb|300px|The Koopalings in ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''.]]
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
The Koopalings were modeled after the design team of ''Super Mario Bros. 3''<ref>Interview with Shigeru Miyamoto in ''Mario Mania'' Player's Guide, p. 31.</ref>, and they were all named after famous musicians by the North American localizers of ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''<ref>As explained by Dayvv Brooks (former Nintendo of America employee), on July 18, 2012.</ref>, since they were not given distinct names in the original Japanese version<ref>[[Media:Koopalingsjpmanual.jpg|Japanese Manual for SMB3]]</ref>. In the Japanese version of ''[[Super Mario World]]'', only their first names were adopted, dropping the Koopa surname<ref>[http://themushroomkingdom.net/smw_j-e.shtml ''Super Mario World'': From Japanese to English.] The Mushroom Kingdom. (Retrieved July 25, 2012)</ref>, as was done in many subsequent games (both in English and Japanese). The Koopalings were all given different names in the cartoons, purportedly because Nintendo of America had not released their own names yet, forcing the writers of ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' to come up with their own names.
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
 
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
The word "Koopaling" itself is likely a combination of the name "Koopa" with the [[Wiktionary:-ling#Suffix|diminutive suffix "-ling"]], which is often used to denote younger, smaller or inferior versions of the full name, which aptly describes their relation to Bowser. Similarly, their original Japanese name, "''Kokuppa''" is essentially "Little Koopa" or "Child Koopa". The English name also evokes such words as "fledgling", "hatchling", "youngling" or even "underling", and may be a mere portmanteau between one of them and "Koopa".
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
 
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
===Birth Order===
|-
====Games====
!''[[Hotel Mario]]''
According to the Player's Guide for ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', Larry is stated to be the youngest of the Koopalings, while Ludwig is said to be the eldest. As Larry is the first Koopaling of the game, while Ludwig is the last, it is strongly implied that all seven Koopalings are fought in order from youngest to oldest, provided the player doesn't warp. However, the birth order for the five middle children has never been officially confirmed.
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
 
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
====DiC Cartoons====
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
In ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', an alternate birth order was used; much of this information comes from the Writer's Bible included on the Shout! Factory DVD set. Bully (Roy Koopa) is regarded as the eldest, while the twins Hip and Hop (Lemmy and Iggy Koopa) are the youngest. While Hip and Hop are said to be six-year olds, the rest of their siblings are all teenagers. Although Kootie Pie (Wendy O. Koopa) celebrated her sixteenth birthday in "[[Reptiles in the Rose Garden]]", the specific ages of the others was never confirmed. In a behind-the-scenes clip of the cartoon, the Koopalings were shown in the age order of Bully, Big Mouth, Kooky, Cheatsy, Kootie Pie, Hop and Hip.
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
 
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
===Appearance===
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
[[File:Koopalings - New Super Mario Bros U.png|150px|thumb|The Koopalings' current depiction.]]
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
All the Koopalings look relatively similar to each other and to Bowser and Bowser Jr. However, unlike their boss and his son, the Koopalings lack horns on their head, [[Morton Koopa Jr.]] has a unique darker complexion, and three have heads that are not green in colouration ([[Morton Koopa Jr.]]'s head is white and [[Roy Koopa]]'s is pink while [[Wendy O. Koopa]]'s head matches the rest of her body's yellow coloration). All the Koopalings have various distinguishing features, some of which were exaggerated or changed in the redesigns introduced with ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''. Originally, most of the Koopalings had green shells, but now they all have unique shell coloration, and their tails are visible in the artwork, having only been seen in various sprites before the release of ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''.
|-
!''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
|-
!''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]''
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
|-
!''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'' / ''[[New Super Luigi U]]''
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
|-
!''[[Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros. Edition]]''
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
|-
!''[[Paper Mario: Color Splash]]''
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
|-
!''[[Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser]]''
|style="background-color:skyblue"|Larry
|style="background-color:#AAFF73"|Iggy
|style="background-color:#FFBFF5"|Wendy
|style="background-color:#A38F86"|Morton
|style="background-color:#D7B0FF"|Roy
|style="background-color:#FFF8A5"|Lemmy
|style="background-color:#7195E0"|Ludwig
|}
</center>
====Notes====
*Due to the world structure of ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' (six main worlds and three optional special worlds), Worlds [[World Mushroom (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|Mushroom]] and [[World Flower (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|Flower]] (and their Koopalings, Larry and Lemmy) can be considered either to be preceded by [[World 6 (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|World 6]] ([[Bowser]]) or succeeded by Worlds [[World 3 (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|3]] (Wendy) and [[World 5 (New Super Mario Bros. 2)|5]] (Ludwig), respectively.
*Even though [[Sparkling Waters]] and [[Frosted Glacier]] are officially considered to be the third and fourth worlds of ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'' (and ''[[New Super Luigi U]]''), respectively, the player can choose to beat whichever one (and their Koopalings, Larry and Wendy) first. Similarly, while all the levels are numbered in ''[[Yoshi's Safari]]'', the player can play them in any order they wish.
*''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'' has the player fighting two or three of the Koopalings at once, with Roy and Wendy, then Larry and Ludwig, then Morton and Lemmy via Papercraft; then each pair is fought again, with Morton and Lemmy joined by Iggy. The first two pairs are also fought alongside [[Dry Bowser]].
*In the SNES version of ''Mario is Missing!'', only Ludwig, Iggy, and Roy are fought, with Larry, Morton, Wendy and Lemmy only being depicted in the manual. In the DOS version, however, all except for Morton and Lemmy appear (although the latter two were planned to appear, at least in the ''CD-ROM Deluxe'' edition, due to the presence of unused voice clips), and they are fought in the following order: Larry, Roy, Wendy, Iggy and Ludwig.
*In ''[[Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser]]'', Lemmy and Ludwig are both fought in the same level, albeit in different waves (Lemmy comes two waves before Ludwig). All the Koopalings are fought again at the same time later in the game, with Ludwig as the captain and the rest as regular troops.
*Although Monopoly Gamer is technically not a video game, the Koopalings nonetheless act as "bosses" for each deck. The order they are fought in is the same as in ''Super Mario Bros. 3''.
*In ''[[Bowser Jr.'s Journey]]'', Larry is fought first, then Iggy and Wendy are fought in the same level; Wendy is the fought one wave before Iggy, before fighting together in the last wave where Iggy is the first officer and Wendy is the captain, and Iggy is fought again later in the game, followed by Roy, and finally Morton. Ludwig and Lemmy are never fought. Dark versions of the Koopalings are fought alongside the [[Best Fitness Friends|final boss]], as well as in the final post-game level [[Beat the Minions!]]
*In the [[Nintendo 3DS]] version of ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games (Nintendo 3DS)|Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games]]'', Roy is faced in the second day of the ''Super Mario'' campaign, Larry is encountered in the fourth day of the ''Sonic'' campaign, and Wendy is challenged in the sixth day of the ''Super Mario'' campaign. Once again, in ''[[Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020]]'', during the story mode, only three Koopalings appear: Wendy is challenged first, followed by Larry and finally Ludwig.


===Personalities===
==Portrayals==
The Koopalings' individual personalities have not been fleshed out much besides their desire to cause mayhem and their loyalty to Bowser. However, there were some hints in various supplementary materials. Some of the personalities changed between localizations. For example, Roy in the American localizations was depicted in a manner similar to a bully (which also earned him the name "Bully" in the DiC cartoons), but Japanese materials give him a calm and collected demeanor. The Japanese manual for ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' gave each of the Koopalings several quirks unique to each of them that hinted at their individual personalities with some speeches uttered by them. However, the American translation toned down several of these quirks or removed them altogether. Although loyal to Bowser, they also did not wish to be on the receiving end of Bowser's rage if they failed a task, as evidenced by Larry's reason for why he and the other Koopalings will not give up the king's scepters easily to Mario in ''[[Super Mario Bros 3]]'', as he stated that the alternative would be to get yelled at by Bowser.
Although the games themselves initially did not have the Koopalings speak (the DOS version of ''Mario is Missing!'' nonwithstanding), the Koopalings did have a variety of voice actors in various Mario media.


===Abilities===
In ''Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.'', the Koopalings were voiced by Masaharu Satō (Larry and Iggy), Miyako Endō (Morton and Wendy), and Naoki Tatsuta (Roy, Lemmy, and Ludwig).
The Koopalings' each have varying abilities, but in general, the Koopalings are capable of using their shell as both a method of defense and a method of offense. In addition, they are also skilled in magic, frequently using Magic Scepters as a weapon. They are weak to fireballs, however, though their exact limit has varied between taking multiple fireballs to take down, or being one-hit knocked out by a single fireball. Similar to Bowser, they also have a tendency to survive dangerous hits. This is especially evident with their defeat in ''Super Mario World'', where Larry, Wendy, Iggy, and Lemmy were dunked into lava by the Mario Bros., and each Koopaling later had their castles collapse on them, in ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', where they alongside Bowser and Bowser Jr.,ended up surviving being crushed by Bowser's falling castle, and in ''New Super Mario Bros. 2'', all them were accidentally knocked into the lava twice, once by a gigantic Bowser, and then from a gigantic [[Dry Bowser]].


===Voice actors===
In the DIC cartoons, the Koopalings were voiced by James Ransken ([[Larry Koopa|Cheatsy]]), [[Gordon Masten]] ([[Morton Koopa Jr.|Big Mouth]]), [[Tabitha St. Germain]] ([[Wendy O. Koopa|Kootie Pie]]), [[Tara Strong|Tara Charendoff]] ([[Iggy Koopa|Hop]]), [[Dan Hennessey]] ([[Roy Koopa|Bully]]), [[Stuart Stone]] ([[Lemmy Koopa|Hip]]), and Michael Stark ([[Ludwig von Koopa|Kooky]]).
Although in the games themselves did not have the Koopalings actually talk (the DOS version of ''Mario is Missing'' nonwithstanding), the Koopalings did have a variety of voice actors in various Mario media.


In the Super Mario anime created in 1989, the Koopalings were voiced by Masaharu Sato (Larry and Iggy), Miyako Endo (Morton and Wendy), and Naoki Tatsuta (Roy, Lemmy, and Ludwig).
The Koopalings appeared in the interactive anime video ''[[Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshi no Bōken Land]]'', and there they were given spoken dialogue. Their voice actors were not credited.


In the DiC cartoons, the Koopalings were voiced by James Ransken ([[Larry Koopa|Cheatsy]]), Dan Hennessey ([[Morton Koopa Jr.|Big-Mouth]]), Paulina Gillis ([[Wendy O. Koopa|Kootie-Pie]]), Tara Charendoff ([[Iggy Koopa|Hop]] and [[Lemmy Koopa|Hip]]), Gordon Masten ([[Roy Koopa|Bully]]), and Michael Stark ([[Ludwig von Koopa|Kooky]]).
In ''Mario is Missing!'', the Koopa Kids, as noted above, were given dialogue. In the ''CD-ROM Deluxe'' version, Larry, Iggy and Ludwig were voiced by Rob Wallace, Wendy was voiced by Kathy Fitzgerald, and Roy was voiced by Bruce Sandig, who also voiced the unused clips of Lemmy.<ref>{{cite|url=www.behindthevoiceactors.com/video-games/Mario-Is-Missing|title=''Mario is Missing!''|publisher=Behind the Voice Actors|language=en|accessdate=June 28, 2024}}</ref>


In ''Mario is Missing'', the Koopalings, as noted above, were given dialogue with full-on voice acting. However, their voice actors were not credited.
In ''Super Mario Advance 2: Super Mario World'', the Koopalings did have voices, although they just gave dying screeches when defeated by Mario or Luigi. Additionally, they were all similar monster roars, and only Iggy, Lemmy, Wendy and Larry used them.


In "Super Mario Advance 2: Super Mario World", the Koopalings did have voices, although they just gave dying screeches when defeated by Mario.
Starting with 2009's ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', the Koopalings were given in-game voice acting, although it was largely composed of grunts and roars instead of actual dialogue. Larry, Morton, Wendy and Lemmy are voiced by [[Lani Minella]], Iggy and Ludwig are voiced by [[Mike Vaughn]], and Roy is voiced by [[Dan Falcone]].


Starting in 2009 with ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', the Koopalings were given voice acting, although it was largely composed of grunts and roars instead of actual dialogue. Most of the Koopalings were voiced by Lani Minella, with the exception of Roy, Iggy, and Ludwig, who were instead voiced by Dan Falcone and Mike Vaughn, respectively.
From ''Mario Kart 8'' onwards, all the Koopalings, except for Roy, are voiced by new voice actors, with Morton, Ludwig, Iggy, Wendy, Larry and Lemmy  being voiced by [[David Cooke]], [[David J. Goldfarb]], [[Ryan Higgins]], [[Ashley Flannegan]], [[Michelle Hippe]] and [[Carlee McManus]] respectively. This time, they do say actual words and phrases, besides their "No!" yells when defeated in the former games.


===Theme music===
In ''Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS'', ''Super Smash Bros. for Wii U'', and ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate'', the Koopalings have reused their voice samples from ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''.
The Koopalings have a distinct theme music composed of several fast-paced beats. This was originally the boss music for ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. However, starting with ''New Super Mario Bros Wii'', it became associated with them. In ''Wii'' the original version was played when fighting them at the Fortress Levels. In the Castle levels, and their fights from ''New Super Mario Bros. 2'' onward, a remix of the theme was played that was slower-paced.


===Fighting order===
In ''Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam'', the Koopalings have spoken dialogue for the first time since the ''Mario's Early Years!'' series. Their voice clips, however, are reused from ''Mario Kart 8''.
The order the Koopalings are fought differ each game they appear in:


{| class="wikitable"
In ''Paper Mario: Color Splash'', the Koopalings again have spoken dialogue.
!World
!''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]''
!''[[Super Mario World]]''
!''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]''
!''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]''
!''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]''/''[[New Super Luigi U]]''
|-
![[World 1]]
|[[Larry Koopa|Larry]]
|[[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]]
|[[Larry Koopa|Larry]]
|[[Roy Koopa|Roy]]
|[[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]]
|-
![[World 2]]
|[[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]]
|[[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]]
|[[Roy Koopa|Roy]]
|[[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]]
|[[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]]
|-
![[World 3]]/[[World Mushroom]]
|[[Wendy O. Koopa|Wendy]]
|[[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]]
|[[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]]
|[[Larry Koopa|Larry]]
|[[Larry Koopa|Larry]]
|-
![[World 4]]/[[World 3]]
|[[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]]
|[[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]]
|[[Wendy O. Koopa|Wendy]]
|[[Wendy O. Koopa|Wendy]]
|[[Wendy O. Koopa|Wendy]]
|-
![[World 5]]/[[World 4]]
|[[Roy Koopa|Roy]]
|[[Roy Koopa|Roy]]
|[[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]]
|[[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]]
|[[Iggy Koopa|Iggy]]
|-
![[World 6]]/[[World Flower]]
|[[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]]
|[[Wendy O. Koopa|Wendy]]
|[[Morton Koopa Jr.|Morton]]
|[[Lemmy Koopa|Lemmy]]
|[[Roy Koopa|Roy]]
|-
![[World 7]]/[[World 5]]
|[[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]]
|[[Larry Koopa|Larry]]
|[[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]]
|[[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]]
|[[Ludwig von Koopa|Ludwig]]
|}


*''Note: For any world with a / and a different world (EX: [[World 4]]/[[World 3]]), the different world is for [[New Super Mario Bros. 2]].''
Although the Koopalings never actually spoke in the initial release of ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' beyond uttering roars, they were given dialogue in ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions'' in the alternate story mode ''Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser'', and to a lesser extent in the main game itself (although only Iggy, Ludwig, and Roy are actually seen speaking during this time). The voice clips are again the ones recorded for ''Mario Kart 8'', and they are used in the ''Bowser Jr.'s Journey'' mode of ''Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey'', in which the Koopalings have spoken dialogue.


==Family Relationship==
==Profiles==
The Koopalings were introduced in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' as Bowser's seven children, and were shown to have a family dynamic with him in ''Mario'' cartoons, books and comics produced at the time. In both the games and the other media, they helped their father in his evil plans, typically acting as mini-bosses who ruled over various conquered areas. They are shown to be very loyal to Bowser in all their appearances, their unexplained subservience to [[Bowletta]] (Bowser possessed by the witch [[Cackletta]]) in ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' notwithstanding.
===''New Super Mario Bros. 2''===
*'''North American website bio:''' ''These crooked minions of Bowser await at the end of each world. Watch out—each have their own unique ways of causing trouble for Mario.''


After ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', subsequent games and their related material started downplaying or ignoring the relationship between the Koopalings and Bowser. The back of the English-language version of ''Yoshi's Safari'' box called them Bowser's "offspring", while the manual for the SNES version of ''Mario is Missing!'' ambiguously calls the Koopalings Bowser's "bad boys" (Wendy was not shown to be involved in that game), however in the the DOS version's in-game dialogue, the Koopalings refer to Bowser by name rather than with a familial title. The text in the Japanese manual of the ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' merely implies a relationship between the Koopalings and Bowser in calling them the 「コクッパ7兄弟」 ''Kokuppa 7 Kyōdai'' (essentially, the "7 little Bowser siblings")<ref>[[:File:Koopalingsjpmanual.jpg|A scan of the Koopalings in the Japanese ''SMB3'' manual]], calling them the 「コクッパ7兄弟」 ''Kokuppa 7 Kyōdai''.</ref>, however in a speech bubble, Bowser refers to them as 「俺様の息子達」 ''Ore-sama no musuko-tachi'', which equates to "my children" (or, literally, "my sons")<ref>[http://www.geocities.jp/frnyanko/setsumei/famicom/supermario3/supermario3.html Transription of the Japanese ''SMB3'' manual on Geocities.] Bowser's line reads 「ワッハハ。これから俺様の息子達がこのゲームの説明をするぜ。息子達の言うことをよーく聞いてせいぜいガンバルことだな。ワッハハ。」 Note Bowser's use of 「俺様の息子達」 (''ore-sama no musuko-tachi''), which equates to "my children" (or, literally, "my sons"), while at the same time referring to himself in a comically arrogant manner.</ref>, and Larry refers to Bowser as 「オヤジ」 ''Oyaji'', which is both a term of endearment and a Japanese word for "father" <ref>[http://www.nintendo.co.jp/wii/vc/vc_smb3/vc_smb3_02.html VC スーパーマリオブラザーズ3] Nintendo of Japan website. Note that Larry refers to Bowser as 「オヤジ」 ("''Oyaji''") in katakana, which both is a Japanese term for "Father" as well as a Japanese term of endearment</ref>. However, despite the relationship, a line from Lemmy Koopa in the Japanese manual implied that they do not live with Bowser.<ref>「マリオのヤツがどこまでガンバレルか楽しみだなー。ワールドのマップも先へ進むにつれ、どんどん複雑で広大なものになってくるよ。それはそうと、暗黒の国だけはオヤジしか知らなくて何もわかんないんだ。でも、何か、すごい新兵器を作ってるのをちらっと見たことがあるよ。」 ("''I'm looking forward to see how far can Mario go. As you advance the world maps become more complex and extensive. Anyway, our dad alone knows the Dark Land and I have no idea about it. But I had glanced he had been making some great new weapons.''") - The ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'' Japanese manual (page 34)</ref> However, after ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' and a few Famicom-era promotional materials, none of the Koopalings' Japanese game appearances mentioned their relationship with Bowser. Similarly, their titles also changed throughout their appearances in Japan. As noted above, the Koopalings were referred to as Kokuppa 7 Kyodai in the Japanese promotional materials and manual for ''Super Mario Bros. 3''. In ''Super Mario World'', they were instead referred to as the Kokuppa 7 Ninshu (rough translation being "Seven Little Bowsers Youth Team"), with ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' simply referring to them as Kokuppa ("Little Bowsers").
===''Mario Kart Tour''===
 
*'''''Mario Kart Tour'' Twitter:''' ''Bowser Jr. may have joined the race, but he didn't come alone! He brought a few friends along with him, including Lemmy, Wendy, Ludwig, Roy, and the rest of the Koopalings! They each have their own special skills, so be sure to try them all!''<ref>{{cite|author=mariokarttourEN|date=October 16, 2019|url=x.com/mariokarttourEN/status/1184257649757622272|title=X post|publisher=X|accessdate=March 16, 2020}}</ref>
In 2002, ''Super Mario Sunshine'' introduced a new son, [[Bowser Jr.]], and given that the Koopalings had not made a major appearance since 1994's ''Hotel Mario'', there were concerns that Bowser Jr. had replaced the seven older characters as Bowser's sole offspring. This suspicion was supported by the fact that in 2003, the Japanese manual of ''Super Mario Advance 4'' merely called the Koopalings underlings rather than Bowser's kids, although the North American manual of ''Super Mario Advance 4'' refers to the Koopalings as Bowser's children. ''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'' gave them no lines and did not comment on their relationship to Bowser. In addition, while Bowser's [[Trophy]] in 2001's ''Super Smash Bros. Melee'' referred to his seven children, only Junior was mentioned in his ''Super Smash Bros. Brawl'' Trophy in 2008.
 
However, the Koopalings did eventually return after a long hiatus alongside Bowser Jr. in 2009's ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'', and seem to share a familial relationship with him, [[Kamek]], and Bowser. The game established that Bowser Jr. was the heir to the Koopa throne despite being the youngest, and he seemed to act as the ringleader of the group. He is often viewed as the "spoiled" one, though there is little in-game evidence supporting this, partly because the other Koopalings have yet to be shown interacting with Bowser in modern games aside from assisting him in or after battle. Promotional materials did downplay their kinship, such as the website of ''New Super Mario Bros. 2'' referring to them as minions, as well as their name change in Japan and Europe to "Bowser's minons" (although the European website for ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' grouped the Koopalings in with Bowser Jr. as being part of the "Koopa Clan"). In an American September 2012 interview, [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] went on record to say that Nintendo's "current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children" and that Bowser Jr.'s mother is unknown<ref name="Miyamoto"/>. Despite this, [[Nintendo]] doesn't seem to care about withholding or changing the existing material that implies or states the Koopalings' role in old games so that it would match their supposed current portrayal<ref>[https://7a5b8882-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/marioguttsupurohyirugongesaito/marioguttsukorekushon/fc00003_1.jpg?attachauth=ANoY7coVQat-3WaMFBlNp77H22eGGLyK4p3oRI1nMKABjNGP_A3BIUv0xz7z4alR_Slu_9_BhLJq7y9YIpyWeOAM2CbfESQiKQVHUl6AYnDgrQSeYKwlUSSnTLurHHorp8Dc5Byh_o7h-im0QqTP60BtF4TGMS-GGfAS2n7z4lhwewzdfa4M240q-shF7XxV4FqryGteLpr88HFvKyutMkZcEQM4lsLy6FYio0WEuELOmJ1X0XaM7ZtyaL3Zrqy_QpoRmJAmjjLLbFhD6ce0OYbxVqMXUaJ_qg%3D%3D&attredirects=0 A Japanese promotional pamphlet for Super Mario Bros. 3.] The Koopalings are called 「大魔王クッパの子供達」 (Daimao Kuppa no kodomo-tachi), which means "Demon King Bowser's children". The picture of this pamphlet is found in every version of Super Mario History Booklet except American. (Retrieved February 15, 2013)</ref><ref>[http://www.nintendo.co.jp/3ds/eshop/vc/tabj/man_tabj.pdf A PDF manual for ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' 3DS Virtual Console release] available pn the [http://www.nintendo.co.jp/3ds/eshop/vc/tabj/index.html Nintendo of Japan eShop website for the game.] (Released January 1, 2013) The story section remains seemingly unchanged from the original, and the Koopalings are mentioned as 「自分の子供コクッパ7兄弟」 (''jibun no kodomo Kokuppa 7 Kyōdai''), which roughly translates into "his (Bowser's) children, the 7 Little Bowser siblings". (Retrieved February 15, 2013)</ref>.
{{br}}


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
===Screenshots===
{{main-gallery}}
''<center><gallery>
<gallery>
Image:KoopalingsSMW.PNG|[[Super Mario World]]
Koopalings8.jpg|''[[Super Mario World]]''
File:NSMBW Prologue.png|[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]
Koopalings-NSMB2.png|''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]''
File:NSMB2_KoopaClown.png|[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]
PN Koopa Emblems.png|[[Play Nintendo]]
</gallery></center>
MKL Koopalings Artwork.png|''[[Mario Kart Live: Home Circuit]]''
 
</gallery>
===Artwork===
''<center><gallery>
Image:Koopalings7.jpg|[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]
File:CartoonKoopaFamily.jpg|[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]
Image:Koopalings8.jpg|[[Super Mario World]]
File:NSMBwii koopalings.png|[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]
File:Koopalings-NSMB2.png|[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]
File:Koopalings - New Super Mario Bros U.png|[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]
</gallery></center>


==Names in Other Languages==
==Names in other languages==
{{foreignname
In the Japanese versions, the Koopalings have been referred to by a multitude of names, all of which are derived from Bowser's Japanese name, 「クッパ」 (''Kuppa'' or "Koopa"). Some of their names also integrate the character 「コ」; it is ambiguous whether this character represents「子」(''ko-'', "child") or「小」(''ko'', "young").「コクッパ」can thus mean "Little Koopa", "Child Koopa", "Young Koopa", etc. A rare variant of this phrase, 「子クッパ」, is seen on the back of the Japanese ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' box and on the ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario All-Stars''. "7" or「七」, when used with「人」to count people, is read as ''shichi''; otherwise it is commonly read as ''nana''.
|Jap=コクッパ7兄弟 (''Super Mario Bros. 3'')<br>''Kokuppa 7 Kyodai''<br>コクッパ7人衆 (''Super Mario World'')<br>''Kokuppa 7 Ninshu''<br>コクッパ (''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'')<br>''Kokuppa''<br>クッパの手下 (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)<br>''Kuppa no Teshita''
{{foreign names
|JapM=「クッパ」 ''Kuppa'' (Koopa) is Bowser's name in Japan and "''ko''" may come from 「子」 ''ko'' meaning "child" or 「小」 ''ko-'' meaning "little", making their name "Child Bowsers"/"Little Bowsers"/"Young Bowsers"/etc. 「兄弟」 ''Kyodai'' means "siblings" and 「人衆」 ''ninshu'' means "team", making them the "7 Little Bowser Siblings" in ''Super Mario Bros. 3'' and the "7 Little Bowser Team" in ''Super Mario World''. 「手下」 ''Teshita'' means "underlings"/"minions"/etc., so from ''New Super Mario Bros. Wii'' onward, they are simply known as "Bowser's underlings".
|Jap=コクッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}} / {{ruby|子|こ}}クッパ7{{ruby|兄弟|きょうだい}}
|JapN=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' box / instruction booklet
|JapR=Kokuppa 7 Kyōdai
|JapM=7 Little Bowser Siblings
|Jap2=コクッパ7{{ruby|人衆|にんしゅう}} / 子クッパ7人衆
|Jap2N=''Super Mario World'', ''Nintendo Official Guidebook'' of ''Super Mario All-Stars''
|Jap2R=Kokuppa 7 Ninshū
|Jap2M=Team of 7 Little Bowsers
|Jap3=コクッパ{{ruby|軍団|ぐんだん}}
|Jap3N=''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''
|Jap3R=Kokuppa-gundan
|Jap3M=Little Bowser Corps
|Jap4=クッパの手下
|Jap4N=''New Super Mario Bros.'' games
|Jap4R=Kuppa no Teshita
|Jap4M=Bowser's Minions. Also generally used for Bowser's Minions.
|Jap5=クッパ7{{ruby|人衆|にんしゅう}} / クッパ七人衆
|Jap5N=''Mario Kart 8'', ''Super Smash Bros.'', ''Super Mario Memorial Book''<ref>{{cite|url=newlaunches.com/archives/super-marios-memorial-book-commemorates-his-30th-birthday.php|title=Super Mario’s memorial book commemorates his 30th birthday|publisher=Newlaunches|accessdate=October 11, 2015}}</ref>, ''Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.''
|Jap5R=Kuppa 7 Ninshū
|Jap5M=Team of 7 Bowsers
|ChiS=酷霸王之子
|ChiSN=''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''
|ChiSR=Kùbàwáng zhī Zǐ
|ChiSM=Bowser's Kids
|ChiS2=酷霸王7人组
|ChiS2N=''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate'' and ''New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe''
|ChiS2R=Kùbàwáng Qīrénzǔ
|ChiS2M=Team of 7 Bowsers
|ChiS2C=<ref>{{cite|url=www.smashbros.com/SC/blog/index.html?category=cat02_fighter_58|title=Official simplified Chinese website for ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''|accessdate=April 5, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendoswitch.com.cn/new_super_mario_bros_u_deluxe/pc/story/index.html|title=''New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe'' website|publisher=nintendoswitch.com.cn|language=zh-hans|accessdate=December 14, 2019}}</ref>
|ChiS3=酷霸王7人帮<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com.hk/topics/article/a_200421_02_sc.html|title=创作完整的世界地图!? 《 Super Mario Maker 2 》最后的大型数据更新 Ver.3.0.0 版本, 将于4月22日开始发布!|publisher=nintendo.com.hk|language=zh-hans|accessdate=April 22, 2020|archive=web.archive.org/web/20210302015543/https://www.nintendo.com.hk/topics/article/a_200421_02_sc.html}}</ref>
|ChiS3N=''Super Mario Maker 2''
|ChiS3R=Kùbàwáng Qīrénbāng
|ChiS3M=Bowser Gang of Seven
|ChiS4=酷霸王帮众
|ChiS4N=LEGO ''Super Mario''
|ChiS4R=Kùbàwáng Bāngzhòng
|ChiS4M=Bowser Gang
|ChiS4C=<ref>{{cite|url=www.lego.com/zh-cn/product/larry-s-and-morton-s-airships-expansion-set-71427|title=拉里和莫顿的飞行战舰扩展关卡 71427 &#x7c; 乐高®超级马力欧|publisher=LEGO.com CN|accessdate=July 4, 2023}}</ref>
|ChiT=庫巴的小魔頭們
|ChiTN=''New Super Mario Bros. 2''
|ChiTR=Kùbā de Xiǎomótóumen
|ChiTM=Bowser's Little Bosses
|ChiTC=<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com.hk/nsmb2/story/index.html|title=''New Super Mario Bros. 2'' website, Story section|publisher=nintendo.com.hk|language=zh-hant|accessdate=February 27, 2016}}</ref>
|ChiT2=庫巴7人衆
|ChiT2N=''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate'' and ''New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe''
|ChiT2R=Kùbā Qīrénzhòng
|ChiT2M=Team of 7 Bowsers
|ChiT2C=<ref>{{cite|url=www.smashbros.com/TC/blog/index.html?category=cat02_fighter_58|title=Official traditional Chinese website for ''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''|accessdate=April 5, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com.hk/switch/new_super_mario_bros_u_deluxe/pc/story/index.html|title=''New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe'' website, Story section|language=zh-hant|publisher=nintendo.com.hk|accessdate=October 25, 2019}}</ref>
|ChiT3=庫巴7人幫
|ChiT3N=''Super Mario Maker 2'' and Ask the Developer Vol. 11
|ChiT3R=Kùbā Qīrénbāng
|ChiT3M=Bowser Gang of Seven
|ChiT3C=<ref>{{cite|author=Nintendo|date=April 20, 2020|url=www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrImKD0V0PQ|title=《Super Mario Maker 2 (超級瑪利歐創作家 2) 》更新資料Ver.3.0.0介紹影片|publisher=YouTube|language=zh-hant|accessdate=April 21, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com.hk/interview/aqmxa|title=開發人員的訪談 : 超級瑪利歐兄弟 驚奇|任天堂|publisher=nintendo.com.hk|language=zh-hant|accessdate=October 20, 2023}}</ref>
|ChiT4=小庫巴7兄弟<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com.hk/switch/mario/history/index.html|title=''Super Mario Bros.'' 35th Anniversary website|publisher=nintendo.com.hk|language=zh-hant|accessdate=February 7, 2021}}</ref>
|ChiT4N=''Super Mario Bros.'' 35th Anniversary
|ChiT4R=Xiǎo Kùbā 7 Xiōngdì
|ChiT4M=7 Little Bowser Siblings
|Dut=Koopalings
|Dut2=Bowsers handlangers
|Dut2N=''New Super Mario Bros.'' games
|Dut2M=Bowser's minions
|FreA=Koopalins
|FreAN=from ''New Super Mario Bros. 2'' onwards
|FreAM=From "Koopalings"
|FreA2=Koopalings{{ref needed}}
|FreE=Les Terreurs de Bowser
|FreEM=Bowser's Terrors
|FreE2=Sbires Koopa
|FreE2M=Koopa Minions
|FreE3=Koopalings
|FreE3N=''Hotel Mario''
|FreE3M=Koopalings
|FreE4=Koopas
|FreE4N=''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga''
|FreE4M=Koopas
|FreE5=Sbires de Bowser
|FreE5N=''New Super Mario Bros.'' games
|FreE5M=Bowser's minions
|FreE6=Marmots Koopas
|FreE6N=''Super Mario World'' instruction booklet
|FreE6M=Koopa Brats
|Ger=Koopalinge
|GerM=Koopalings
|Ger2=Bowsers Schergen
|Ger2N=''New Super Mario Bros.'' games
|Ger2M=Bowser's Minions
|Ger3=Koopa-Brut
|Ger3N=DIC cartoons
|Ger3M=Koopa's Brood
|Ger3C=<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XMmY3CkK39Y&list=PLysMAMA5mZDPK7uUkp94zheRNEtn_WQDG&index=7 Die Abenteuer von Super Mario Bros. 3 - Ninja Koopas]</ref>
|Ita=Figli di Bowser<ref>{{cite|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' Italian instruction booklet|page=3-5, 25}}</ref>
|ItaN=''Super Mario Bros. 3''
|ItaM=Bowser's children
|Ita2=Koopa Kids<ref>{{cite|title=''Super Mario World'' Italian instruction booklet|page=19}}</ref>
|Ita2N=''Super Mario World''
|Ita3=Piccoli Attila
|Ita3N=DIC cartoons
|Ita3M=Little Koopas
|Ita3C=<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3ZYO7Huez8&list=PLWzo2ShQRIik_9vJAjpCtOYPKTMiWfQMb Le avventure di Super Mario 2x01 - I terribili guerrieri ninja]</ref>
|Ita4=Koopaling<ref>{{cite|title=''Super Mario All-Stars'' Italian instruction booklet|page=33}}</ref>
|Ita4N=''Super Mario All-Stars''
|Ita5=Bowserotti
|Ita5N=from ''Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3'' onwards
|Ita5M=Li'l Bowsers; from "Bowser" and the diminutive suffix ''-otti''
|Ita6=Scagnozzi di Bowser
|Ita6N=''New Super Mario Bros.'' series, ''Mario Kart 8'', ''Super Smash Bros.'' trophies and Palutena's Guidance
|Ita6M=Bowser's minions; shared with [[Bowser's Minions]]
|Kor=쿠파7인조
|KorN=''Super Smash Bros. Ultimate''
|KorR=Kupa 7(chil)injo
|KorM=Team of 7 Bowsers
|Kor2=쿠파의 부하들
|Kor2N=''New Super Mario Bros. Wii''
|Kor2R=Kupa-ui Buhadeul
|Kor2M=Bowser's Minions
|Kor3=꼬마쿠파 7형제<ref>{{cite|title=''Super Mario All-Stars Limited Edition'' Korean instruction booklet|page=17, 29}}</ref>
|Kor3N=''Super Mario All-Stars''
|Kor3R=Kkoma-Kupa 7-hyeongje
|Kor3M=7 Little Bowser Siblings
|PorA=Capangas Koopa
|PorAM=Koopa Minions
|PorA2=Koopalinhos
|PorA2N=''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''
|PorA2M=From "Koopalings", with the diminutive suffix ''-inho''
|PorA2C=<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6uzQZCyUJY&list=PLwzf4mOPE8Bmhgll2-ndwQWhRpiCUMR6G Super Mario Bros. 3 - Ninjas Gigantes (Dublagem Herbert Richers) INCOMPLETA]</ref>
|PorE=Bowsões
|PorEM=Pun on ''mauzões'' ("bad guys")
|PorE2=Lacaios do Bowser
|PorE2N=''New Super Mario Bros.'' games
|PorE2M=Bowser's Minions
|Rom=Copiii Koopa
|RomN=''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''
|RomM=The Koopa Kids
|RomC=<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=asqAp6PjjrA&list=PLeOrS3o_v-TeLtJgZ4RimHmKsX1KsUiaH&index=3 Aventurile Fraților Super Mario | Episodul1- Ninja Koopa Uriași, Ticăloși, Vicleni Și Trișori]</ref>
|Rom2=Koopișori
|Rom2N=''The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3''
|Rom2M=Diminutive for "Koopa"
|Rom3=Aghiotanții lui Koopa / Koopa aghiotanți
|Rom3N=''Super Mario World'' television series, "The Yoshi Shuffle"
|Rom3M=Koopa's {{wp|adjutant}}s / Koopa adjutants
|Rom3C=<ref>{{cite|language=ro|date=May 20, 2015|url=ok.ru/videoembed/26912688772|title=The Yoshi Shuffle|publisher=Odnoklassniki (OK.ru)|accessdate=January 4, 2016}}</ref>
|Rus=Купалинги
|RusR=Kupalingi
|RusM=Koopalings
|Svn=Koopa Otroci{{ref needed}}
|SvnM=Koopa Children
|SpaA=Koopalines
|SpaA=Koopalines
|SpaAM=Koopalings
|SpaAM=Koopalings
|SpaE={{nowrap|Koopalines (Sometimes misspelled as "Koopalingos")}}<br>Esbirros de Bowser (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)
|SpaE=Esbirros de Bowser
|SpaEM=Koopalings<br>Bowser's henchmen
|SpaEM=Bowser's henchmen
|Ita=Bowserotti<br>Scagnozzi di Bowser (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)<br>Figli di Bowser (alternative name used in ''Super Mario All-Stars Limited Edition'')
|SpaE2=Koopalines
|ItaM=Little Bowsers<br>Bowser's minions<br>Bowser's children
|SpaE2M=Koopalings
|Ger=Koopalinge <br> Bowsers Schergen (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)<br>Koopa-Brut (TV)
|GerM=Koopalings <br> Bowser's Minions <br> Koopa's Brood
|FraE=Sbires Koopa<br>Koopalings (''Hotel Mario'')<br>Koopas (''Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga'')<br>Sbires de Bowser (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)<br>Marmots Koopas (''Super Mario World'' manual)
|FraEM=Koopa Minions<br>Koopalings<br>Koopas<br>Bowser's minions<br>Koopas Brats
|FraA=Koopalings
|FraAM=Koopalings
|Por=Koopalinhos (Brazilian ''The Adventure of Super Mario Bros. 3'')<br>Lacaios do Bowser (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)
|PorM=Koopalings<br>Bowser's Minions
|Kor=쿠파 7형제
|KorR=Kupa 7 Hyeongje
|KorM=7 Bowser Brothers/Siblings
|Dut=Koopalings <br>Bowsers handlangers (''New Super Mario Bros.'' series)
|DutM=-<br>Bowser's minions
}}
}}


==Trivia==
==Trivia==
*In one of the Prima Guides, it is stated that [[Boom Boom]] is the "forgotten Koopaling". As the Prima Guides have been known to make mistakes, this may not be true.
*Larry is the only Koopaling to not have used [[Warp Pipe]]s in any of his boss battles, with Lemmy and Wendy using them in ''[[Super Mario World]]'', Roy using them in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'', Morton and Ludwig using them in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', and Iggy using them in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]''.
*In ''[[Super Mario 3D World]]'', there is a boss called [[Moltey Bossblob]] who looks a little like the Koopalings, and acts like them, too.
*In ''[[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam]]'', every Koopaling is associated with [[Battle Card (Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam)|Battle Cards]]. Roy and Wendy are the first bosses on which Battle Cards can be used, Larry and Ludwig are the only bosses that can use their own Battle Cards, and Iggy, Morton, and Lemmy turn the player's Battle Cards into a special kind of Morton Battle Card, which either deals 60 damage to everyone, makes the player lose all of their star points, or gives the player a random [[Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam#Items and Objects|Max Item]].


==References==
==References==
{{NIWA|SmashWiki=1}}
<references/>
<references/>
{{BoxTop}}
 
{{Koopa}}
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{{Bowser's family}}
{{Koopas}}
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{{The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3}}
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{{Super Mario World TV}}
{{SMW}}
{{ML:SS}}
{{SMW TV}}
{{Yoshi's Safari}}
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{{M&LSS}}
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[[Category:Koopalings|*]]
[[Category:Koopalings|*]]
[[Category:Koopa Troop]]
[[Category:Thieves]]
[[Category:Bosses]]
[[Category:Characters]]
[[Category:Children]]
[[Category:Koopas]]
[[Category:Royalty]]
[[Category:Thieves & Bandits]]
[[Category:Villains]]
[[Category:Siblings]]
[[Category:Siblings]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga Bosses]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey characters]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam bosses]]
[[Category:New Super Mario Bros. 2 Characters]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam characters]]
[[Category:New Super Mario Bros. U]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga bosses]]
[[Category:New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]
[[Category:Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions characters]]
[[Category:Super Mario Bros. 3]]
[[Category:New Super Mario Bros. 2 bosses]]
[[Category:Super Mario World]]
[[Category:New Super Mario Bros. U bosses]]
[[Category:New Super Mario Bros. Wii bosses]]
[[Category:Paper Mario: Color Splash bosses]]
[[Category:Super Mario Bros. 3 bosses]]
[[Category:Super Mario Maker 2 enemies]]
[[Category:Super Mario World bosses]]
[[Category:Super Mario World (television series)]]
[[Category:Super Mario World (television series)]]
[[Category:The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]
[[Category:The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 characters]]
[[Category:Yoshi's Safari]]
[[Category:Yoshi's Safari bosses]]
[[de:Koopalinge]]
[[it:Bowserotti]]

Latest revision as of 22:00, November 24, 2024

Not to be confused with Koopa Kid.
"Little Koopa" redirects here. For the micro version of Koopa Troopa, see Small Koopa Troopa.
Koopalings
Artwork of the Koopalings holding their magic wands, from New Super Mario Bros. Wii
Full group artwork of the Koopalings for New Super Mario Bros. Wii
First appearance Super Mario Bros. 3 (1988)
Latest appearance Nintendo World Championships: NES Edition (2024)
Members
Member species
“We just love being mean!!”
Koopalings, Super Mario Bros. 3 instruction booklet

The Koopalings, also known as Bowser's Minions in the British English versions of some games, and in certain American works as the Koopa Kids, are a seven-member clan of recurring enemies in the Super Mario franchise, portrayed as siblings[1][2] who act as leaders of Bowser's Minions under Bowser. Individually, they are named Larry, Morton, Wendy, Iggy, Roy, Lemmy, and Ludwig. Although Bowser Jr. is not a member of the Koopalings, they sometimes act as his personal minions, and he is often seen accompanying them.

The Koopalings debuted in Super Mario Bros. 3, and they later appeared as bosses in various SNES-era games of the Super Mario franchise before going on a long hiatus, reappearing once in 2003's Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, and then being redesigned for 2009's New Super Mario Bros. Wii, which has since been followed by numerous appearances as both bosses in the platformers of the Super Mario series and playable characters in various spinoffs. They have also appeared in various other media, including the cartoon The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, which featured entirely different names for the characters due to them not having official names at the time of its production phase.

Originally, the Koopalings were depicted as Bowser's children[3][4][5][6][7] and stated to be his offspring.[8][9][10][11][12] Older games continue to maintain them as his children in re-releases and updated manuals.[13][14][15][16] However, Shigeru Miyamoto eventually affirmed that Nintendo's "current story is that the Koopalings are not Bowser's children" in 2012, leaving the Koopalings as his underlings and Bowser Jr. as his only child.[17]

Members

The Koopalings are listed below in their original order:

Image Name Description

Larry Koopa
Larry Koopa Larry Koopa is the youngest Koopaling who is often seen at the forefront of the Koopalings' antics, and he wields the orange magic wand. His main color representation is sky blue, although his shell was originally colored green, his hair was white in early sprites, and he lacked the small star on the side of his face. There is some confusion over the identity of Larry's namesake; the most recent official statement from his christener, Nintendo of America employee Dayvv Brooks, is that Larry was named as such because he simply "looked like a Larry," though Brooks had previously stated that Larry's name was derived from Larry Mullen Jr., the drummer for the Irish rock band U2. He was also known as "Cheatsy" in the cartoons, alluding to the fact that he will try to win by any means, legitimate or otherwise. He seems to have an interest in sports, such as how he plays tennis with a fireball in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga. In the Nintendo Comics System, he communicated via pictures in word bubbles, which only Lemmy understood.
Morton Koopa Jr.
Morton Koopa Jr. Morton Koopa Jr. is the only Koopaling to have a brown skin tone and is often depicted as the largest Koopaling, wielding the red magic wand. His main color representation is black, although his shell was originally gray, he was colored yellow with a green shell in Super Mario World, and he lacked the distinctive star on his face in his early in-game sprites. He is named after the American tabloid talk show presenter Morton Downey, Jr. He was also known as "Big Mouth" in the cartoons, due to his talkative nature, and often talks for long amounts of time, only to be stopped by another character, most often one of his siblings. In other appearances, he seems to be rather grouchy, with brutal strength to match. Morton's level of intelligence is portrayed inconsistently; sometimes he is shown to be quite slow-witted, but in other games, he possesses a more cunning side.
Wendy O. Koopa
Wendy O. Koopa Wendy O. Koopa is the sole female Koopaling; she wields the purple magic wand. Her main color representation is pink, although her shell was a shade of deep red in Super Mario World. She is named after Wendy O. Williams, an American singer and frontwoman of the punk rock band the Plasmatics. She was also known as "Kootie Pie" in the cartoons and was considered a spoiled brat with a quick temper, often going into a rage over little things. She is stated to be tomboyish, and seemed to act as the de facto boss in Super Mario Adventures.
Iggy Koopa
Iggy Koopa Iggy Koopa is a hyperactive, demented, and unpredictable Koopaling who wields the yellow magic wand. His main choice of color is yellow-green, although his shell was colored blue in early sprites and his hair was white in Super Mario World; before New Super Mario Bros. Wii, his hair was also similar to Lemmy's. He is named after Iggy Pop, an American rock musician and frontman of the proto-punk band the Stooges. He was also known as "Hop" in the cartoons and is the twin brother of Hip (Lemmy); together, they are among the youngest members of the family. He was just as childish and immature as his brother in the cartoon series, whereas in the Nintendo Adventure Books he was depicted as a brilliant (if crazed) inventor; this has possibly been hinted at in New Super Mario Bros. U, where the inside of his ship is mechanical rather than wooden.
Roy Koopa
Roy Koopa Roy Koopa's head and sunglasses are pink (as was his shell originally), and he wields the black magic wand. His main color representation is purple, although his shell and head were colored lavender-purple in Super Mario World. He is named after American rock & roll singer Roy Orbison. He was also known as "Bully" in the cartoons and is said to be a typical bully who likes beating up others for his own amusement. This is true in most appearances, but in certain Japanese materials, Roy instead speaks in a calm and collected manner, so he may have more of a laid-back personality and be less of a tough guy. He is also the second bulkiest Koopaling after Morton.
Lemmy Koopa
Lemmy Koopa Lemmy Koopa is depicted as a small, fun-loving child who wields the green magic wand and has been shown capable of being serious when the situation calls for it. His main color representation is orange. Although in Super Mario World, his shell was colored yellow and his hair was white, and his shell was originally green and he lacked the ponytail. He is named after the late Lemmy Kilmister, frontman of the English heavy metal band Motörhead. He was also known as "Hip" in the cartoons and is the twin brother of Hop (Iggy); together, they are among the youngest members of the family. Lemmy is usually depicted as perhaps the least bright Koopaling, but is also the most genuinely innocent of his siblings.
Ludwig von Koopa
Ludwig von Koopa Ludwig von Koopa is the eldest[18] who possesses a magnificent intelligence most likely superior to that of the other Koopalings, and wields the blue magic wand. His main color representation is deep blue, although he was originally depicted with a green shell in artwork (aqua-blue in Super Mario Bros. 3 and yellow in Super Mario World), as well as white hair in early sprites. He is named after the German Classical and Romantic late composer Ludwig van Beethoven. He was also known as "Kooky" in the cartoons and had more of a mad scientist persona. Like his namesake, he is said to be a composer and is very much into the culture, but is also sometimes suggested to be the cruelest of the Koopalings. According to Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, Ludwig egotistically believes himself to be a "real leader", to which the others, Lemmy, Morton, and Iggy specifically, claim they never voted on it and further explain they operate as a collective trust.[19]

In addition, the Prima Games guide of Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 refers to Boom Boom as a Koopaling,[20] despite listing him separately in the Friends and Foes section.

Concept and creation

One of the first sketches in which the Koopalings can be seen, a result of the collaboration between Yoichi Kotabe and Takashi Tezuka, happened before the release of the Family Computer Disk System version of Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels in 1986 and is associated with Bowser's first redesign.[21] The Koopalings were modeled after the design team of Super Mario Bros. 3,[22] and they were all named after famous musicians by the game's North American localizers,[23] since they were not given distinct names in the original Japanese version.[24] In the Japanese version of Super Mario World, only their first names were adopted, dropping the Koopa surname,[25] as was done in many subsequent games (both in English and Japanese). The Koopalings were all given different names in the cartoons, purportedly because Nintendo of America had not released their own names yet, forcing the writers of The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 to come up with their own names.

Sketch of an official artwork for Super Mario Bros. 3.
Early sketch, drawn by Yoichi Kotabe, of an artwork for Super Mario Bros. 3 featuring all of the Koopalings.

The word "Koopaling" itself is likely a combination of the name "Koopa" with the diminutive suffix "-ling", which is often used to denote a younger, smaller or inferior version, which aptly describes their relation to Bowser. Similarly, their original Japanese name, "Kokuppa" is essentially "Little Koopa" (which is what the retainers serving the kings call them in the NES and SNES versions) or "Child Koopa", with Koopa being the Japanese name of Bowser. Interestingly, only their Italian name, Bowserotti, actually means Little Bowsers using the Western name of Bowser, with the names in the other languages leaving the Koopa word intact, even when it does not specifically mean Bowser. The English name also evokes such words as "fledgling", "hatchling", "youngling", or even "underling", and may be a mere portmanteau between one of them and "Koopa".

History

Main article: History of the Koopalings

Since their debut in Super Mario Bros. 3, the Koopalings are notable for appearing as world bosses across Super Mario platformers. In some role-playing games including the Mario & Luigi and Paper Mario series, they also appear as bosses. The Koopalings appear as seperate playable characters in some spin-offs. They appear in other Super Mario media under different names when they did not have their official names during production.

General information

Physical appearance

Koopalings
The Koopalings' depiction in New Super Mario Bros. U

All the Koopalings look relatively similar to Bowser and Bowser Jr., but lack horns on their head. Morton has a unique darker complexion, and three have heads that are not green in coloration (Morton's head is white and Roy's is pink while Wendy's head matches the rest of her body's yellow coloration). Three of them (Larry, Wendy and in part Iggy) have blue eyes much like Bowser in Super Mario Bros. 3 (but while Bowser's eyes were changed to red, the Koopalings' eyes remained blue). Originally, Ludwig, Morton and Lemmy's eyes were merely black dots, however the former two have since been shown to have thin dark gray irises. All of them have pointed claws on their hands. All the Koopalings have various distinguishing features, such as varying numbers of teeth protruding from their snouts and unique hair styles and colors. Oddly, their sprites in Super Mario World and the Super Mario Bros. 3 remake in Super Mario All-Stars gave them all white hair and coloration that did not match their artwork, carrying over from the original, inaccurate color palette from the NES. All of them, like Bowser, have ribbed plated bellies. Although the Koopalings were shown in the sprites to have at least four spikes on their shells, the cover for Nintendo Power Player's Guide for Super Mario All-Stars showed them, or at least Morton and Roy, only having three spines, all of which were directly on the center of the shell from top to bottom. In addition, while Lemmy does not have fangs, his in-game depiction in Super Mario World does.

While most of the Koopalings originally had green shells, redesigns introduced with New Super Mario Bros. Wii gave them all unique shell colors. Other aspects of their pre-existing designs were also tweaked, such as Iggy's hair being green rather than multicolored in order to differentiate him further from Lemmy, and their heights and builds being more varied, with Morton now the tallest, followed by Iggy, Roy, Ludwig, Wendy, Larry and finally Lemmy, who was the runt of the litter in their original appearances as well. Their tails also became visible in their official artwork starting from New Super Mario Bros. Wii, having not been drawn until then[26] except for some sprite depictions and an artwork which apparently shows Iggy's tail.[27] In their playable appearances in the Super Smash Bros. series, because they are model swaps of Bowser Jr., all of the Koopalings appear roughly the same height as one another, most notably with Roy, Iggy, Morton and Lemmy (although Iggy is still thin).

The Koopalings' designs were modified in the DIC cartoons, although they were still recognizable.

Personalities

The Koopalings' individual personalities have not been fleshed out much besides being childlike, their desire to cause mayhem, and their loyalty to Bowser. However, there were some hints in various supplementary materials. Some of the personalities changed between localizations. For example, Roy in the North American localizations was depicted in a manner similar to a bully (which also earned him the name "Bully" in the DIC cartoons), but the Japanese Super Mario Bros. 3 instruction booklet and Super Mario Advance 4 e-Reader cards give him a calm and collected demeanor. The original manual also gave each of the Koopalings several quirks unique to each of them that hinted at their individual personalities with some speeches uttered by them; however, the official English translation toned down several of these quirks or removed them altogether. Although loyal to Bowser, they also did not wish to be on the receiving end of Bowser's rage if they failed a task, as evidenced by Larry's reason for why he and the other Koopalings will not give up the kings' wands easily to Mario, as he stated that the alternative would be to get yelled at by Bowser. Prior to their modern depictions, they were given distinguishing characteristics in The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3 and the Super Mario World cartoon, as well as the Nintendo Comics System and Nintendo Adventure Books. In Mario Kart 8, the Koopalings seem to have better speech capabilities than Bowser, as they can be heard saying their names at several points, and even yelling one or two-liners. In addition to being childlike, a Play Nintendo quiz describes the Koopalings as "zany".[28]

The Koopalings' loyalty to Bowser is strong enough that they are willing to serve him even when "Bowser" is actually not himself and in fact possessed by another figure. This is implied by their servitude to Bowletta in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga and later confirmed in Paper Mario: Color Splash, where Wendy and Larry specifically mention doing their actions for Bowser and Morton indirectly says that as well despite Bowser being under the influence of black paint. In the former game's remake, they also possessed strong enough wills that Fawful, when brainwashing them with his spray, was ultimately forced to use a maximum potent dosage on them to sway them to his side.

They were also willing to work with Bowser's son, Bowser Jr., and had little problem with him, as implied by Roy Koopa briefly calling him squirt (Young Master in the Japanese version) and overall talking to him in a casual nature. However, Bowser Jr.'s Journey indicated that even they have their limits when working with Bowser Jr., as many of them ended up quitting on him due to being fed up with his notoriously selfish nature while they were trying to hunt for the remedy for the blorbs, the only real exceptions being Iggy and Morton, the former being forced to leave by Bowser Jr. due to finding him annoying, and the latter ended up brainwashed by the Best Fitness Friends into attacking Bowser Jr..

Abilities

The Koopalings each have varying abilities, but in general, the Koopalings are capable of using their shell as both a method of defense and a method of offense. In addition, they are all capable of jumping very high, and are all skilled in magic, frequently using magic wands as a weapon. While only Ludwig, Iggy, and Larry spat fireballs in Super Mario World, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga revealed that all Koopalings have this ability. Despite that, they are weak to fireballs, though their exact limit has varied between taking multiple fireballs to take down, or being one-hit knocked out by a single fireball. Similar to Bowser, they also have a tendency to survive dangerous hits. This is especially evident with their defeat in Super Mario World, where Larry, Wendy, Iggy, and Lemmy were dunked into lava by the Mario Bros., and each Koopaling later had their castles collapse on them, in New Super Mario Bros. Wii where they, alongside Bowser and Bowser Jr., ended up surviving being crushed by Bowser's falling castle, and in New Super Mario Bros. 2, where all of them were accidentally knocked into the lava twice (once by a gigantic Bowser, and then by a gigantic Dry Bowser). Their fighting prowess was such that they managed to casually knock away several Beanies while discussing how they can find Bowser at the same time in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions.

In terms of talents unique to individual Koopalings, they seem to know their own spells. While most of them simply cast a colorful shot of magic that slowly flies in a straight line, Wendy instead creates glowing rings that ricochet off the surfaces of the room, and Lemmy creates bouncing circus balls that can knock the Mario Bros. into a bottomless pit. In every game appearance outside of Super Mario World, Lemmy is always seen in battle balancing on top of a big yellow circus ball covered with starry patterns. Ludwig could create earthquakes with his descents in Super Mario Bros. 3, an ability that was taken away from him ever since New Super Mario Bros. Wii, but kept by Roy and Morton. Ludwig was given the ability to flutter jump in the New Super Mario Bros. games instead. In Super Mario World, Roy and Morton were able to walk up walls and ceilings and drop down at will.

Family relationship

Bowser and the Koopalings introducing themselves to Mario and Yoshi in Super Mario Story Quiz Picture Book 2: Mario's Sports Day (「スーパーマリオおはなしクイズえほん 2 マリオの うんどうかい」).
The Koopalings serve as Bowser’s children in older Super Mario games.[4]

In their first appearance in Super Mario Bros. 3, the Koopalings were introduced as siblings and Bowser's own children.[29][4][3] Most re-releases and remakes of this 1988 game as well as republications of the game's story retain this detail in Japan, including the 2013 Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console release.[13][14][30] However, the 2007 Japanese Wii Virtual Console version's manual does not mention their relationship to Bowser,[31] and the 2015 Japanese Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros. uses a less strong statement than the one found in the original manual.[2] The 2018 English and French versions of Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros. preserve the original manual's description of the Koopalings being Bowser's children verbatim,[32][33] while the German and Spanish translations of said book make no mention of their relationship.[34][35] Translations of Super Mario Bros. 3, its re-releases, remakes, official guides, and websites have kept this detail to varying degrees, with most calling the Koopalings Bowser's offspring.[36][37][38][8][9][10][11][39] The 1990 cartoon based on the game, The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, follows this portrayal, with the Koopalings referring to Bowser as "king dad".[40]

The 1991 Super Mario World English manual,[5] the Japanese Nintendo Official Guidebooks for both the original and 2001 Super Mario Advance 2: Super Mario World remake,[41][15] and related 1990 Japanese materials state that the Koopalings are Bowsers' children,[6] while the in-game text and Japanese manual (as well as its re-releases and remakes) do not make any direct statements about their relationship. In three character books written with the involvement of Nintendo, the Koopalings are considered Bowser's children, and in two cases explicitly stated to be members of his royal family (「おうぞく」).[42][43][44]

The back of the English Yoshi's Safari box calls them Bowser's "offspring" in 1993, and the French translation of said text uses the same term as well,[12] which is absent in the Japanese manual.[45]

The manual for the SNES version of Mario is Missing! vaguely describes the Koopalings as Bowser's "bad boys",[46] although in the DOS version's in-game dialogue, the Koopalings refer to Bowser by name rather than with a familial title. In Super Smash Bros. Melee, Bowser's seven children are mentioned in both the Japanese and English versions,[7] and this relationship is also mentioned in the Super Mario Advance series from 2001 to 2003.[15][39]

Following the introduction of Bowser Jr. in 2002, who is treated independently from the Koopalings, and the lack of major appearances from the Koopalings between Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga in 2003 and New Super Mario Bros. Wii in 2009, there was confusion about the nature of Bowser's parenthood. Bowser Jr. was first implied to have replaced the Koopalings as Bowser's sole child in the description of Bowser's trophy in Super Smash Bros. Brawl, the Japanese version of which refers to Bowser Jr. as「ひとり息子」, meaning "one son" or "only son".[47] While the Koopalings and Bowser Jr. appear together in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, official websites refer to the Koopalings as Bowser's minions rather than his children, and as each other's comrades rather than siblings;[48][49] however, the game's Prima guide refers to the Koopalings and Bowser Jr. collectively as Bowser's children, and considers Bowser Jr. to be a Koopaling himself.[50][51] In a September 2012 interview, Shigeru Miyamoto, speaking with Takashi Tezuka, stated that the "current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children", leaving Bowser Jr. as his only child (with an unknown mother).[17] In the Japanese Nintendo Direct announcing the Koopalings as playable characters in Mario Kart 8, they are described as「クッパ大魔王だいまおう子分こぶん」(King Koopa's kobun),[52] which can refer to either underlings or adopted children. Their guidance conversation in Super Smash Bros. for Wii U (which was later used again in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate) notes their resemblance to Bowser Jr. and calls the relationship between them and Bowser a mystery, with the Japanese version also mentioning that they have been heard to be Bowser's minions. The website Play Nintendo has implied that Bowser needs to treat them more like his family.[53] Mario Kart: Bowser's Challenge at Super Nintendo World has Bowser and the Koopalings form the antagonistic racing team; the queue has several vague allusions to their relationship, such as books with titles such as Raising Destructive Children and Sibling Rivalries and How to Exploit Them[54] (though the latter may instead be referring to Mario and Luigi).

In Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, the Koopalings have lines of dialogue, which would later continue in games such as Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, Paper Mario: Color Splash, Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions, Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey, and Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020. To reflect their revised portrayal, in the Japanese versions of the games, the Koopalings refer to Bowser as Master Bowser (「クッパさま」) and consider each other comrades (「仲間なかま」) without any family relationship, though multiple translations, including the English versions, portray them as siblings.[55][56] While the Japanese and English versions of Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam portray the Koopalings' relationship to Bowser simply as them being his minions, the Italian and German translations mention that Bowser is their father.[57][58] Additionally, the Italian translation of Paper Mario: Color Splash is devoid of every explicit mention of the Koopalings as Bowser's minions present in the Japanese version.[59] The Italian manual of Monopoly Gamer Collector's Edition presents the Koopalings as the seven most dangerous amongst Bowser's minions,[60] and the Italian and German translations of Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions retain a mention from the Japanese version that Bowser Jr. is the only son of Bowser.[61]

The Japanese website of New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe, besides referring to them using the newer Team of Seven Bowsers (「クッパ7人衆」) term instead of the original Bowser's Minions (「クッパの手下」) term, also indicates that they are considered as the leaders of the Bowser clan (「クッパ一味の幹部」).[62]

Birth order

It has been requested that this section be rewritten. Reason: Larry as a leader needs more detail besides dismissing it a possible mistranslation, and seems more like a questionable choice that writers largely chose not to follow up on.

In Nintendo Power, Larry was stated to be the youngest of the Koopalings[63] (reaffirmed as still true in his trophy description in the American version of Super Smash Bros. for Wii U and his character origin tip in Super Smash Bros. Ultimate), while Ludwig was said to be the oldest.[18] The birth order for the five middle children was not confirmed, although in Super Mario Bros. 3, as Larry is the first Koopaling to be fought and Ludwig is the last, the implication would seem to be that all seven Koopalings are fought in order from youngest to oldest (provided the player does not warp); however, Morton is described as "one of the older Koopalings,"[64] although this may have been in relation to Larry, the previous boss encountered. The same guide also stated that Ludwig is Bowser's second in command,[18] although this has since been supplanted by characters such as Kammy Koopa, Kamek, and Bowser Jr., as well as English versions of Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and the European version of Super Smash Bros. for Wii U stating that Larry leads the Koopalings (though this is possibly due to a mistranslation). The Prima strategy guide for Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 describes Roy as being "a little heavier than his younger family", which might indicate that Roy is one of the older Koopalings.[65] In Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, Larry calls Ludwig "boss", and Ludwig shows that he thinks of himself as a leader, and even a king.

In The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, Hip and Hop (Lemmy and Iggy) are depicted as twins and are contradictorily believed to be the youngest. Although Kootie Pie (Wendy) celebrated her sixteenth birthday in "Reptiles in the Rose Garden", the specific ages of the others was never confirmed. According to the Writer's Bible included on the Shout! Factory DVD set and brief concept clips of the cartoon, the other Koopalings were all teenagers; Bully (Roy) was the eldest, followed by Big Mouth (Morton), Kooky (Ludwig), Cheatsy (Larry), Kootie Pie, and finally Hip and Hop both at six years old. This is seemingly the reference used for the Nintendo Adventure Books series, since in Leaping Lizards Morton exclaims, "Little brothers are so cowardly!" in regards to Iggy, although this may have been a quip at Luigi's expense (who expressed particular resentment at that remark).

Fighting order

The order the Koopalings are fought differ in each game they appear as bosses:

Game First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh
Super Mario Bros. 3 / Monopoly Gamer Larry Morton Wendy Iggy Roy Lemmy Ludwig
Super Mario World / Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga Iggy Morton Lemmy Ludwig Roy Wendy Larry
Yoshi's Safari Lemmy Ludwig Wendy Larry Morton Iggy Roy
Hotel Mario Morton Roy Larry Lemmy Ludwig Wendy Iggy
New Super Mario Bros. Wii Larry Roy Lemmy Wendy Iggy Morton Ludwig
New Super Mario Bros. 2 Roy Iggy Larry Wendy Morton Lemmy Ludwig
New Super Mario Bros. U / New Super Luigi U Lemmy Morton Larry Wendy Iggy Roy Ludwig
Puzzle & Dragons: Super Mario Bros. Edition Larry Lemmy Morton Wendy Iggy Roy Ludwig
Paper Mario: Color Splash Morton Iggy Ludwig Wendy Larry Lemmy Roy
Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser Larry Iggy Wendy Morton Roy Lemmy Ludwig

Notes

  • Due to the world structure of New Super Mario Bros. 2 (six main worlds and three optional special worlds), Worlds Mushroom and Flower (and their Koopalings, Larry and Lemmy) can be considered either to be preceded by World 6 (Bowser) or succeeded by Worlds 3 (Wendy) and 5 (Ludwig), respectively.
  • Even though Sparkling Waters and Frosted Glacier are officially considered to be the third and fourth worlds of New Super Mario Bros. U (and New Super Luigi U), respectively, the player can choose to beat whichever one (and their Koopalings, Larry and Wendy) first. Similarly, while all the levels are numbered in Yoshi's Safari, the player can play them in any order they wish.
  • Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam has the player fighting two or three of the Koopalings at once, with Roy and Wendy, then Larry and Ludwig, then Morton and Lemmy via Papercraft; then each pair is fought again, with Morton and Lemmy joined by Iggy. The first two pairs are also fought alongside Dry Bowser.
  • In the SNES version of Mario is Missing!, only Ludwig, Iggy, and Roy are fought, with Larry, Morton, Wendy and Lemmy only being depicted in the manual. In the DOS version, however, all except for Morton and Lemmy appear (although the latter two were planned to appear, at least in the CD-ROM Deluxe edition, due to the presence of unused voice clips), and they are fought in the following order: Larry, Roy, Wendy, Iggy and Ludwig.
  • In Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser, Lemmy and Ludwig are both fought in the same level, albeit in different waves (Lemmy comes two waves before Ludwig). All the Koopalings are fought again at the same time later in the game, with Ludwig as the captain and the rest as regular troops.
  • Although Monopoly Gamer is technically not a video game, the Koopalings nonetheless act as "bosses" for each deck. The order they are fought in is the same as in Super Mario Bros. 3.
  • In Bowser Jr.'s Journey, Larry is fought first, then Iggy and Wendy are fought in the same level; Wendy is the fought one wave before Iggy, before fighting together in the last wave where Iggy is the first officer and Wendy is the captain, and Iggy is fought again later in the game, followed by Roy, and finally Morton. Ludwig and Lemmy are never fought. Dark versions of the Koopalings are fought alongside the final boss, as well as in the final post-game level Beat the Minions!
  • In the Nintendo 3DS version of Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games, Roy is faced in the second day of the Super Mario campaign, Larry is encountered in the fourth day of the Sonic campaign, and Wendy is challenged in the sixth day of the Super Mario campaign. Once again, in Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020, during the story mode, only three Koopalings appear: Wendy is challenged first, followed by Larry and finally Ludwig.

Portrayals

Although the games themselves initially did not have the Koopalings speak (the DOS version of Mario is Missing! nonwithstanding), the Koopalings did have a variety of voice actors in various Mario media.

In Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros., the Koopalings were voiced by Masaharu Satō (Larry and Iggy), Miyako Endō (Morton and Wendy), and Naoki Tatsuta (Roy, Lemmy, and Ludwig).

In the DIC cartoons, the Koopalings were voiced by James Ransken (Cheatsy), Gordon Masten (Big Mouth), Tabitha St. Germain (Kootie Pie), Tara Charendoff (Hop), Dan Hennessey (Bully), Stuart Stone (Hip), and Michael Stark (Kooky).

The Koopalings appeared in the interactive anime video Super Mario World: Mario to Yoshi no Bōken Land, and there they were given spoken dialogue. Their voice actors were not credited.

In Mario is Missing!, the Koopa Kids, as noted above, were given dialogue. In the CD-ROM Deluxe version, Larry, Iggy and Ludwig were voiced by Rob Wallace, Wendy was voiced by Kathy Fitzgerald, and Roy was voiced by Bruce Sandig, who also voiced the unused clips of Lemmy.[66]

In Super Mario Advance 2: Super Mario World, the Koopalings did have voices, although they just gave dying screeches when defeated by Mario or Luigi. Additionally, they were all similar monster roars, and only Iggy, Lemmy, Wendy and Larry used them.

Starting with 2009's New Super Mario Bros. Wii, the Koopalings were given in-game voice acting, although it was largely composed of grunts and roars instead of actual dialogue. Larry, Morton, Wendy and Lemmy are voiced by Lani Minella, Iggy and Ludwig are voiced by Mike Vaughn, and Roy is voiced by Dan Falcone.

From Mario Kart 8 onwards, all the Koopalings, except for Roy, are voiced by new voice actors, with Morton, Ludwig, Iggy, Wendy, Larry and Lemmy being voiced by David Cooke, David J. Goldfarb, Ryan Higgins, Ashley Flannegan, Michelle Hippe and Carlee McManus respectively. This time, they do say actual words and phrases, besides their "No!" yells when defeated in the former games.

In Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS, Super Smash Bros. for Wii U, and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, the Koopalings have reused their voice samples from New Super Mario Bros. Wii.

In Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, the Koopalings have spoken dialogue for the first time since the Mario's Early Years! series. Their voice clips, however, are reused from Mario Kart 8.

In Paper Mario: Color Splash, the Koopalings again have spoken dialogue.

Although the Koopalings never actually spoke in the initial release of Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga beyond uttering roars, they were given dialogue in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga + Bowser's Minions in the alternate story mode Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser, and to a lesser extent in the main game itself (although only Iggy, Ludwig, and Roy are actually seen speaking during this time). The voice clips are again the ones recorded for Mario Kart 8, and they are used in the Bowser Jr.'s Journey mode of Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story + Bowser Jr.'s Journey, in which the Koopalings have spoken dialogue.

Profiles

New Super Mario Bros. 2

  • North American website bio: These crooked minions of Bowser await at the end of each world. Watch out—each have their own unique ways of causing trouble for Mario.

Mario Kart Tour

  • Mario Kart Tour Twitter: Bowser Jr. may have joined the race, but he didn't come alone! He brought a few friends along with him, including Lemmy, Wendy, Ludwig, Roy, and the rest of the Koopalings! They each have their own special skills, so be sure to try them all![67]

Gallery

For this subject's image gallery, see Gallery:Koopalings.

Names in other languages

In the Japanese versions, the Koopalings have been referred to by a multitude of names, all of which are derived from Bowser's Japanese name, 「クッパ」 (Kuppa or "Koopa"). Some of their names also integrate the character 「コ」; it is ambiguous whether this character represents「子」(ko-, "child") or「小」(ko, "young").「コクッパ」can thus mean "Little Koopa", "Child Koopa", "Young Koopa", etc. A rare variant of this phrase, 「子クッパ」, is seen on the back of the Japanese Super Mario Bros. 3 box and on the Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario All-Stars. "7" or「七」, when used with「人」to count people, is read as shichi; otherwise it is commonly read as nana.

Language Name Meaning Notes
Japanese コクッパ7兄弟きょうだい / クッパ7兄弟きょうだい[?]
Kokuppa 7 Kyōdai
7 Little Bowser Siblings Super Mario Bros. 3 box / instruction booklet
コクッパ7人衆にんしゅう / 子クッパ7人衆[?]
Kokuppa 7 Ninshū
Team of 7 Little Bowsers Super Mario World, Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario All-Stars
コクッパ軍団ぐんだん[?]
Kokuppa-gundan
Little Bowser Corps Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga
クッパの手下[?]
Kuppa no Teshita
Bowser's Minions. Also generally used for Bowser's Minions. New Super Mario Bros. games
クッパ7人衆にんしゅう / クッパ七人衆
Kuppa 7 Ninshū
Team of 7 Bowsers Mario Kart 8, Super Smash Bros., Super Mario Memorial Book[68], Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.
Chinese (simplified) 酷霸王之子[?]
Kùbàwáng zhī Zǐ
Bowser's Kids Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga
酷霸王7人组[69][70]
Kùbàwáng Qīrénzǔ
Team of 7 Bowsers Super Smash Bros. Ultimate and New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe
酷霸王7人帮[71]
Kùbàwáng Qīrénbāng
Bowser Gang of Seven Super Mario Maker 2
酷霸王帮众[72]
Kùbàwáng Bāngzhòng
Bowser Gang LEGO Super Mario
Chinese (traditional) 庫巴的小魔頭們[73]
Kùbā de Xiǎomótóumen
Bowser's Little Bosses New Super Mario Bros. 2
庫巴7人衆[74][75]
Kùbā Qīrénzhòng
Team of 7 Bowsers Super Smash Bros. Ultimate and New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe
庫巴7人幫[76][77]
Kùbā Qīrénbāng
Bowser Gang of Seven Super Mario Maker 2 and Ask the Developer Vol. 11
小庫巴7兄弟[78]
Xiǎo Kùbā 7 Xiōngdì
7 Little Bowser Siblings Super Mario Bros. 35th Anniversary
Dutch Koopalings[?] -
Bowsers handlangers[?] Bowser's minions New Super Mario Bros. games
French (NOA) Koopalins[?] From "Koopalings" from New Super Mario Bros. 2 onwards
Koopalings[citation needed] -
French (NOE) Les Terreurs de Bowser[?] Bowser's Terrors
Sbires Koopa[?] Koopa Minions
Koopalings[?] Koopalings Hotel Mario
Koopas[?] Koopas Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga
Sbires de Bowser[?] Bowser's minions New Super Mario Bros. games
Marmots Koopas[?] Koopa Brats Super Mario World instruction booklet
German Koopalinge[?] Koopalings
Bowsers Schergen[?] Bowser's Minions New Super Mario Bros. games
Koopa-Brut[79] Koopa's Brood DIC cartoons
Italian Figli di Bowser[80] Bowser's children Super Mario Bros. 3
Koopa Kids[81] - Super Mario World
Piccoli Attila[82] Little Koopas DIC cartoons
Koopaling[83] - Super Mario All-Stars
Bowserotti[?] Li'l Bowsers; from "Bowser" and the diminutive suffix -otti from Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 onwards
Scagnozzi di Bowser[?] Bowser's minions; shared with Bowser's Minions New Super Mario Bros. series, Mario Kart 8, Super Smash Bros. trophies and Palutena's Guidance
Korean 쿠파7인조[?]
Kupa 7(chil)injo
Team of 7 Bowsers Super Smash Bros. Ultimate
쿠파의 부하들[?]
Kupa-ui Buhadeul
Bowser's Minions New Super Mario Bros. Wii
꼬마쿠파 7형제[84]
Kkoma-Kupa 7-hyeongje
7 Little Bowser Siblings Super Mario All-Stars
Portuguese (NOA) Capangas Koopa[?] Koopa Minions
Koopalinhos[85] From "Koopalings", with the diminutive suffix -inho The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3
Portuguese (NOE) Bowsões[?] Pun on mauzões ("bad guys")
Lacaios do Bowser[?] Bowser's Minions New Super Mario Bros. games
Romanian Copiii Koopa[86] The Koopa Kids The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3
Koopișori[?] Diminutive for "Koopa" The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3
Aghiotanții lui Koopa / Koopa aghiotanți[87] Koopa's adjutants / Koopa adjutants Super Mario World television series, "The Yoshi Shuffle"
Russian Купалинги[?]
Kupalingi
Koopalings
Slovenian Koopa Otroci[citation needed] Koopa Children
Spanish (NOA) Koopalines[?] Koopalings
Spanish (NOE) Esbirros de Bowser[?] Bowser's henchmen
Koopalines[?] Koopalings

Trivia

  • Larry is the only Koopaling to not have used Warp Pipes in any of his boss battles, with Lemmy and Wendy using them in Super Mario World, Roy using them in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, Morton and Ludwig using them in New Super Mario Bros. 2, and Iggy using them in New Super Mario Bros. U.
  • In Mario & Luigi: Paper Jam, every Koopaling is associated with Battle Cards. Roy and Wendy are the first bosses on which Battle Cards can be used, Larry and Ludwig are the only bosses that can use their own Battle Cards, and Iggy, Morton, and Lemmy turn the player's Battle Cards into a special kind of Morton Battle Card, which either deals 60 damage to everyone, makes the player lose all of their star points, or gives the player a random Max Item.

References

  1. ^ As explained on the Koopalings' profile on the New Super Mario Bros. U official site. Archived February 3, 2013, 16:15:34 UTC from the original via Wayback Machine., as well as Larry's Super Smash Bros. for Wii U trophy
  2. ^ a b On page 33 of the Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros., there is this statement:「※取扱説明書のものをそのまま掲載しています。」; despite this, the part of the story where the Koopalings are introduced is this one:「さんざんこらしめたはずの大魔王クッパもマリオのいるキノコ王国からは手を引いたものの今度は子供コクッパ7兄弟を仲間に入れ、ワールドのあちこちでイタズラのやり放題。」; the「自分の」between「今度は」and「子供コクッパ7兄弟」, which roughly means "[Bowser's] own" and is present on page 4 of the original Japanese Super Mario Bros. 3 manualMedia:SMB3_Japanese_manual_pages_4_5.jpg, is absent in this story. The meaning of the sentence is roughly unaltered, as this wording omitting the possessive pronoun has also been used in the Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2 and Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3, the latter of which also used the stronger form of the original story of Super Mario Bros. 3 showing the similar meaning of the two wordings, but the new one is less strong and explicit.
  3. ^ a b Super Mario Bros. 3 English instruction booklet. In the story section (page 5), they are called "Bowser's 7 kids" and "his 7 children", and Bowser's line (page 3) reads "Ha Ha Ha! These are my 7 children that are going to help me take over the Mushroom World!" The children are introduced with the phrase "These are Bowser's kids!!" (page 4). Larry (page 5), Morton (page 9) and Lemmy (page 34) refer to Bowser as their father or dad.
  4. ^ a b c In the Japanese instruction booklet of Super Mario Bros. 3, they are called「自分じぶん子供こどもコクッパ7兄弟きょうだい」in the story section (page 4Media:SMB3 Japanese manual pages 4 5.jpg), and King Koopa's line (page 2Media:SMB3 Japanese manual pages 2 3.jpg) reads「ワッハハ。これから俺様おれさま息子達むすこたちがこのゲームの説明せつめいをするぜ。息子達むすこたちうことをよーくいてせいぜいガンバルことだな。ワッハハ。」Note Koopa's use of「俺様おれさま息子たちむすこ達」(ore-sama no musuko-tachi), which equates to "my children" (or, literally, "my sons") while at the same time referring to himself in an arrogant manner. The children are introduced with the phrase「そして、これがコクッパ7兄弟きょうだいだ!!」(page 3Media:SMB3 Japanese manual pages 2 3.jpg). Larry (page 4Media:SMB3 Japanese manual pages 4 5.jpg), Morton (page 8Media:SMB3 Japanese manual pages 8 9.jpg) and Lemmy (page 34Media:SMB3 Japanese manual pages 34 35.jpg) refer to King Koopa as「オヤジ」(oyaji), which is both a Japanese word for "father" as well as a term of endearment.
  5. ^ a b Super Mario World English instruction booklet, page 20Media:SMW NA Manual Pages 19 20.png (Mysterious Sunken Ship description) "That's right, in Super Mario Bros. 3, Koopa and his kids used a flying ship to make life tough for Mario.".
  6. ^ a b Japanese card about the Koopalings in Super Mario WorldMedia:Kokuppa SMB4 Card.jpg, in which they are referred to as「クッパだいおうの7にん息子むすこたち。」, meaning "The seven children of the (demon/sorcerer) king Bowser.". Note that their name is written with「7兄弟」instead of「7人衆」.
  7. ^ a b In Super Smash Bros. Melee, the first trophy of Bowser in Japanese refers to him as having「7人のこども」Media:JSSBM Bowser Trophy.jpg.
  8. ^ a b Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console release. Nintendo of Europe (British English). Retrieved June 28, 2024. (Archived June 29, 2014, 17:18:22 UTC via archive.today.)
  9. ^ a b Super Mario Bros. 3. Nintendo of Italy (Italian). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  10. ^ a b Super Mario Bros. 3. Nintendo of Germany (German). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  11. ^ a b Super Mario Bros. 3. Nintendo of Benelux (Dutch). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  12. ^ a b Back of the North American box of Yoshi's SafariMedia:SnesyoshissafariBack.jpg.
  13. ^ a b A PDF manual for Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo 3DS Virtual Console release (March 2023 archive) available on the Nintendo of Japan eShop website, released January 1, 2013. (Retrieved February 15, 2013)
  14. ^ a b Nintendo Co., Ltd. (2003). Scans of the Japanese manual of Super Mario Advance 4. Retrieved December 23, 2015.
  15. ^ a b c Page 20 of the Japanese Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2Media:SMA2 Japanese Guide Page 20.png. The Koopalings are stated being「7ひきの子ども=コクッパ」, roughly meaning (Bowser's) seven children=Koopalings using an implicit possessive pronoun.
  16. ^ Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 Wii U Virtual Console release. Nintendo of UK (British English). Retrieved June 28, 2024. (Archived March 21, 2023, 21:13:49 UTC via archive.today.)
  17. ^ a b "Our current story is that the seven Koopalings are not Bowser's children. Bowser's only child is Bowser Jr., and we do not know who the mother is." – Ryckert, Dan (September 10, 2015). Mario's Creators Answer Burning Questions About The Series. GameInformer (English). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  18. ^ a b c "Bowser's oldest Koopaling and second in command, he's a real monster!" – June 1990. Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo Power Strategy Guide. Nintendo of America (American English). Page 9.
  19. ^ BeardBear (December 3, 2015). Mario & Luigi Paper Jam Walkthrough Part 27 | Neo Bowser Castle #5 & Bosses Koopalings. YouTube. Retrieved May 18, 2024.
  20. ^ "WORLD FORTRESSES Every world has at least one Fortress. This is usually a set of fearsome hallways guarded by nasties and always ends with a Koopa confrontation, courtesy of Boom Boom the Koopaling. Fortresses are just like regular levels, except that when you beat one, any nearby locks (usually preventing you from accessing pipes or Toad Houses) disappear." – Hodgson, David S J. (October 21, 2003). Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 Prima's Official Strategy Guide. Prima Games (American English). ISBN 0-7615-4425-9. Page 22.
  21. ^ Page 65 of the Japanese Official Nintendo Guidebook of Super Mario All-StarsMedia:Bowser Koopalings sketch.png. The caption states "At first Bowser's appearance was not entirely settled. In order to get to this version of the sketch, Kotabe and Tezuka collaborated multiple times". Note how the page is dedicated to the Famicom Disk System version of Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, known as Super Mario Bros. 2 in Japan.
  22. ^ Interview with Shigeru Miyamoto in Mario Mania Player's Guide. Page 31.
  23. ^ As explained by Dayvv Brooks (former Nintendo of America employee), on July 18, 2012.
  24. ^ Super Mario Bros. 3 Japanese instruction booklet. Page 3.Media:Koopalingsjpmanual.jpg
  25. ^ Super Mario World: From Japanese to English. The Mushroom Kingdom (English). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  26. ^ Mario kicking Wendy, Bowser and LudwigMedia:SMSQPB6 Mario Kick opt.png, note how Bowser's tail is drawn while Ludwig's tail is not.
  27. ^ Main cast artwork for Super Mario Bros. 3 in which Iggy's tail can be seen.Media:SMB3 NES - Group art.png
  28. ^ https://play.nintendo.com/activities/quizzes/which-mario-kart-8-racer-are-you-most/ If you get Bowser.
  29. ^ A Japanese promotional pamphlet for Super Mario Bros. 3Media:SMB3 - Japanese Promotional Pamphlet.jpg The Koopalings are called「大魔王クッパの子供達」(Daimaō Kuppa no kodomo-tachi), which means "Great Demon King Koopa's children". The picture of this pamphlet is found in every version of Super Mario History 1985-2010 booklet except North American.
  30. ^ Scans of the original Japanese Super Mario Bros. 3 manual, hosted on Nintendo Co. Ltd. site. Retrieved November 10, 2016.
  31. ^ Super Mario Bros. 3 Wii Virtual Console website, released December 11, 2007.
  32. ^ Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros.. Page 47. "Bowser sent his seven children to make mischief as they please in the normally peaceful Mushroom World." (October 16, 2018)
  33. ^ On page 33 of the French translation of Super Mario Bros. Encyclopedia, in the story of Super Mario Bros. 3 it is told Bowser a envoyé ses sept enfants agir comme bon leur semble au sein du Monde des Champignons habituellement plutôt calme. (Bowser sent his seven children to act as they see fit within the usually rather calm Mushroom World). At page 144 in the general enemy description of New Super Mario Bros. Wii it is told Les sept frères et soeurs de la famille Bowser sont également présents[...] (The seven siblings of the Bowser family are also present).
  34. ^ An excerpt of page 33 of the German translation of the Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros., containing the story of Super Mario Bros. 3. The sentence Allerdings macht er sieben Koopalinge zu seinen Untertanen roughly means Indeed he turned seven Koopalings into his subjects.
  35. ^ Page 33 of the Spanish translation of the Encyclopedia Super Mario Bros., containing the story of Super Mario Bros. 3. The sentence Sin embargo, esta vez cuenta con la ayuda de los siete Koopalings, que hacen maldades por todas partes. roughly means Nonetheless, this time [he] has the help of the seven Koopalings, who cause troubles everywhere.
  36. ^ Page 169 of Playing with Power: Nintendo NES ClassicsMedia:PWPNNC page 169.png, containing part of an interview present in the January/February 1990 issue of Nintendo Power
  37. ^ Rocha, Garitt, and Nick von Esmarch (November 11, 2016). Playing With Power: Nintendo NES Classics. Prima Games (American English). ISBN 9780744017779. Page 196Media:PWPNNC page 196.png., containing the story of Super Mario Bros. 3
  38. ^ Nintendo of Europe. Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 (PDF). Nintendo of Europe CDN. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
  39. ^ a b Page 4 of the Japanese Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3Media:SMA4 Japanese Guide Page 4.png. Note how, while in the story they are referred as [Bowser's] own children (「自分じぶんどもの「コクッパ7兄弟きょうだい」」), in Bowser's bio the possessive referred to the children term (「どもたち」) is missing like in the case of the Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario World: Super Mario Advance 2.
  40. ^ The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3: Sneaky Lying Cheating Giant Ninja Koopas
  41. ^ Page 32 of the first volume of the Japanese Nintendo Official Guidebook of Super Mario World, part of the second unit of the volume, named CharacterMedia:SMB4 Koopa Family.png. The reddish purple headers used for both Bowser and the Koopalings indicate that they are part of the Koopa family, as the explanatory header on the upper left corner shows.
  42. ^ In both the Super Mario World sectionMedia:SMCE pages 18 19.png, the Super Mario Bros. 3 sectionMedia:SMCE page 214.png and the section about the Koopa TroopMedia:SMCE pages 88 89.png of the Super Mario Complete Encyclopedia (「スーパーマリオ全百科オールひゃっか」), a book written in 1991 in collaboration with NintendoMedia:SMCE page 256.png, the Koopalings are considered, along with Bowser, to be part of the King Tribe (「おうぞく」), that page 89Media:SMCE pages 88 89.png states being formed by every member of the royal family that leads the Bowser Army corps (「クッパ軍団ぐんだん統率とうそつする王家おうけ面々めんめん」). In particular, their relationship is explained in the Super Mario Bros. 3 section of the book, where the Koopalings are stated, on page 151Media:SMCE pages 150 151.png, to be Bowser's children「クッパのども、コクッパたち」) and where Bowser on page 228Media:SMCE page 228.png is referred to as the demon/sorcerer king (「大魔王だいまおう」) and on page 214Media:SMCE page 214.png Larry Koopa is stated to be the youngest child of the demon/sorcerer king (「大魔王だいまおうすえ」), while the Koopalings are stated to be siblings as well (「コクッパ7兄弟きょうだい」).
  43. ^ On page 193 of the Perfect Edition of the Great Mario Character Encyclopedia (「パーフェクト版マリオキャラクター大事典」)Media:PEGMCE page 193.png, a book written in 1994 in collaboration with NintendoMedia:PEGMCE Last Page.png, Roy is shown as an example of Bowser's group (「クッパけい」), further described as the family of the Great King Bowser (「クッパ大王だいおう一族いちぞく」), on page 228Media:PEGMCE pages 228 229.png Larry is stated to be the son of the Great Demon/Sorcerer King Bowser (「クッパ大魔王だいまおう子供こども」); finally on page 42Media:PEGMCE page 42.png the Koopalings are called again the 7 Koopalings Siblings (「コクッパ7兄弟きょうだい」).
  44. ^ On pages 10 and 11 of the Super Mario Bros. Daizukan (「スーパーマリオ大図鑑」)Media:SMBD pages 10 11.png a book written at the end of 1994 under the supervision of NintendoMedia:SMBD Colophon.png, the Koopa Troop is stated to have Bowser's seven children as its great leaders (「7にんのクッパのどもを大幹部だいかんぶとして」), with the Koopalings presented below. Furthermore, on pages 34 and 35Media:SMBD pages 34 35.png, it is explicitly stated that Koopalings=Bowser's children (「コクッパ=クッパのども」), with Morton and Ludwig presented as one of the seven children of the Great King Bowser (「クッパ大王だいおうの7にんどものひとり」), Larry being presented as the youngest of the seven children of the Great King Bowser (「クッパ大王だいおうの7にんどものすえっ」) and Roy's bio starting with Among the sons of Bowser, he's the heaviest (「クッパのむすこのなかで, もっとも体重たいじゅうおもい」).
  45. ^ Pages 2 and 3 of the Japanese manual of Yoshi's SafariMedia:YRH Manual pages 2 3 opt.png, which contain the story of the game. Bowser and the Koopalings are together called「クッパたちKoopa-tachi, just like in other Japanese material such as Super Mario Story Quiz Picture Book 6: Friend Kidnapped (「スーパーマリオおはなしクイズえほん 6 さらわれたともだち」)Media:SMSQPB6 Kuppa tachi.png.
  46. ^ Mario is Missing! SNES instruction booklet. Page 2.
  47. ^ The first trophy of Bowser in the Japanese version of Super Smash Bros. BrawlMedia:JSSBB Bowser Trophy.jpg.
  48. ^ European New Super Mario Bros. Wii website showing the initial name change to "Bowser's Minions" in Europe (albeit while grouped together with Bowser Jr. as the "Koopa Clan")]. Nintendo of UK (British English). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  49. ^ New Super Mario Bros. Wii story and character page. Nintendo. Retrieved June 28, 2024. Ludwig's bio refers to the Koopalings as「仲間なかま」, meaning comrades, partners or company.
  50. ^ "Just when Mario and the gang were ready to give the Princess her gifts, Bowser's bratty kids crashed the party!" – Bueno, Fernando (November 15, 2009). New Super Mario Bros. Wii PRIMA Official Game Guide. Prima Games (American English). ISBN 978-0-307-46592-4. Page 18.
  51. ^ "After you reach Bowser Jr.'s chamber, the bothersome Koopaling hops into his flying carriage." – Bueno, Fernando (November 15, 2009). New Super Mario Bros. Wii PRIMA Official Game Guide. Prima Games (American English). ISBN 978-0-307-46592-4. Page 129.
  52. ^ ゲーム情報チャンネル (May 5, 2014). マリオカート8 Direct 2014 4 30 プレゼンテーション映像 (11:05). YouTube (Japanese). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  53. ^ An official poll in which the fifth choice for Bowser's New Year's resolution is "Try to spend more time with the Koopalings.. Play Nintendo (American English). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  54. ^ PHOTO & VIDEO TOUR – Ride Mario Kart: Koopa’s Challenge With & Without AR Headset and Tour The Full Queue in Super Nintendo World. WDW News Today (English). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  55. ^ As an example, Larry's TALK_CUPCHAT_PR_LOSE_LAR_USUAL_0 line in the Wii U version of Mario & Sonic at the Rio 2016 Olympic Games states「さすがに予選よせんけるってのは はずかしいな。仲間なかまたちにはわらわれるだろうしクッパさまにはドヤされるだろうし、まいったぜ。」Note the use of both「仲間なかま」and「クッパさま」.
  56. ^ aika (December 11, 2015). 【3DS】マリオ&ルイージRPG ペーパーマリオMIX ルドウィッグ&ラリー戦 (03:00). YouTube (Japanese). Retrieved June 28, 2024. In the dialogue at the beginning of the battle against Larry and Ludwig, Larry does not call Ludwig brother, while in the English versions and in most other Western translations he does.
  57. ^ Games' Art (December 30, 2015). 38 Mario e Luigi: Paper Jam Bros ITA - Neo Castello di Bowser parte 2. YouTube. Retrieved January 14, 2016. After Iggy presses the button, Lemmy says: "Daaaaaad! This is not fair!".
  58. ^ LETSPLAYmarkus (January 19, 2016). MARIO & LUIGI: PAPER JAM BROS. # 57 ★ Der letzte und höchste Rang! [HD | 60fps]. YouTube (German). Retrieved January 19, 2016. After being defeated, Morton says: "Forgive us... Father. I mean, of course... Master Bowser!".
  59. ^ While in the preview the Koopalings are referred to using the Bowser's minions term (scagnozzi di Bowser) used in the New Super Mario Bros. games, and even though in the final game Morton mentions the boss (il capo) without specifying who he is supposed to be, as soon as Bowser is revealed Ludwig, Wendy, Larry and Roy always refer to him by name without adding any other title, Roy even directly asks Bowser to avenge his defeat, this attempt being absent in the Japanese version. Furthermore, the Koopalings are always referred to as Little Bowsers (Bowserotti, the Italian term originally used for the Koopalings, itself a direct translation of the 「コクッパ」 term), as can be seen already before fighting Larry, even when the Japanese version explicitly use the Bowser's minions (「クッパの手下てした」) term in place of the Team of 7 Bowsers (「クッパ7人衆にんしゅう」) term that should be translated as Bowserotti, as can be seen before fighting Lemmy (where in the Japanese version 「クッパの手下てした」 is used and in the Italian localization Bowserotti is used instead), as well as in the GB_RedRescue13 line of the 13th Rescue Red Toad who states Hai già sconfitto Morton, Iggy, Ludwig, Wendy e Larry. Ti restano solo due Bowserotti! (while the Japanese version again uses the 「クッパの手下てした」 term).
  60. ^ On Page 22 of the Italian manual of Monopoly Gamer Collector's EditionMedia:MGCE Italian Manual page 22.png, the Koopalings' bio states I Bowserotti sono sette dei più pericolosi, cattivi e perfidi scagnozzi di Bowser. which means The Koopalings are seven among the most dangerous, bad and malicious minions of Bowser.
  61. ^ In the Japanese version of Minion Quest: The Search for Bowser Bowser Jr. is stated in his bio to be「大魔王クッパの1人息子」 (Great Demon/Warlock King Bowser's only son), similarly in the Italian localization his bio states È l'unico figlio di Bowser (He's the only son of Bowser) and in the German localization his bio states Bowsers einiziger Sprössling (Bowser's only offspring).
  62. ^ Story section of the official Japanese site of New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe. Nintendo (Japanese). Retrieved June 28, 2024.
  63. ^ "Bowser's youngest Koopaling, Larry, has taken over the Grass Land." – June 1990. Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo Power Strategy Guide. Nintendo of America (American English). Page 9.
  64. ^ "Being one of the older Koopalings, Morton's ship is more advanced than Larry's, and more dangerous!" – June 1990. Super Mario Bros. 3 Nintendo Power Strategy Guide. Nintendo of America (American English). Page 24.
  65. ^ "Roy, the guardian of The Sky, is a little heavier than his younger family, and he pounds the ground when he lands from a jump, paralyzing Mario for a moment. Keep off the ground when Roy lands, and employ the regulation "three head stomps or 10 fireballs" takedown method." – Hodgson, David S J. (October 21, 2003). Super Mario Advance 4: Super Mario Bros. 3 Prima's Official Strategy Guide. Prima Games (American English). ISBN 0-7615-4425-9. Page 15.
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  70. ^ New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe website. nintendoswitch.com.cn (Simplified Chinese). Retrieved December 14, 2019.
  71. ^ 创作完整的世界地图!? 《 Super Mario Maker 2 》最后的大型数据更新 Ver.3.0.0 版本, 将于4月22日开始发布!. nintendo.com.hk (Simplified Chinese). Retrieved April 22, 2020. (Archived March 2, 2021, 01:55:43 UTC via Wayback Machine.)
  72. ^ 拉里和莫顿的飞行战舰扩展关卡 71427 | 乐高®超级马力欧. LEGO.com CN. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  73. ^ New Super Mario Bros. 2 website, Story section. nintendo.com.hk (Traditional Chinese). Retrieved February 27, 2016.
  74. ^ Official traditional Chinese website for Super Smash Bros. Ultimate. Retrieved April 5, 2020.
  75. ^ New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe website, Story section. nintendo.com.hk (Traditional Chinese). Retrieved October 25, 2019.
  76. ^ Nintendo (April 20, 2020). 《Super Mario Maker 2 (超級瑪利歐創作家 2) 》更新資料Ver.3.0.0介紹影片. YouTube (Traditional Chinese). Retrieved April 21, 2020.
  77. ^ 開發人員的訪談 : 超級瑪利歐兄弟 驚奇|任天堂. nintendo.com.hk (Traditional Chinese). Retrieved October 20, 2023.
  78. ^ Super Mario Bros. 35th Anniversary website. nintendo.com.hk (Traditional Chinese). Retrieved February 7, 2021.
  79. ^ Die Abenteuer von Super Mario Bros. 3 - Ninja Koopas
  80. ^ Super Mario Bros. 3 Italian instruction booklet. Page 3-5, 25.
  81. ^ Super Mario World Italian instruction booklet. Page 19.
  82. ^ Le avventure di Super Mario 2x01 - I terribili guerrieri ninja
  83. ^ Super Mario All-Stars Italian instruction booklet. Page 33.
  84. ^ Super Mario All-Stars Limited Edition Korean instruction booklet. Page 17, 29.
  85. ^ Super Mario Bros. 3 - Ninjas Gigantes (Dublagem Herbert Richers) INCOMPLETA
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