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{{partconjecture}}
{{about|the real-world species|the enemy from ''[[Yoshi's Story]]''|[[Frog (Yoshi's Story)]]}}
{{Species-infobox
{{species infobox
|title=Frog
|image=[[File:SMO Artwork Frog.png|200px]]<br>Artwork from ''Super Mario Odyssey''
|image=[[Image:frogdisciple.gif|200px]]<br>A '''frog''' from ''Super Mario RPG''; specifically [[Frogfucius' Student]].
|first_appearance=''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' ([[List of games by date#1995|1995]])
|related=[[Frogog]]<br>[[Frog Pirate]]<br>[[Kleptoad]]<br>[[Tadpole]]
|latest_appearance=''[[Luigi's Mansion 2 HD]]'' ([[List of games by date#2024|2024]])
|first_appearance=''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' ([[List of Mario games by date#1988|1988]])<br>''[[Yume Kōjō: Doki Doki Panic]]'' ([[List of Mario games by date#1987|1987]])
|relatives=[[Tadpole]]
|notable=[[Frogfucius]]<br>[[Frogfucius' Student]]<br>[[Lumpy (enemy)|Lumpy]]<br>[[Prince Froggy]]<br>[[Tad Rock]]<br>[[Wart]]<br>[[Winky the Frog]]
|derived_subjects=[[Bopping Toady]]<br>[[Coin Coffer]]<br>[[Frogog]]<br>[[Frogoon]]<br>[[Frog (Yoshi's Story)|Frog (''Yoshi's Story'')]]<br>[[Frog Pirate]]<br>[[Jumper]]<br>[[Hopgoon]]<br>[[Horned frog]]<br>[[Kleptoad]]<br>[[Lump]]<br>[[Malodorous Fibbian]]<br>[[Pea Frog]]<br>[[Ribbite]]<br>[[Rolling Frog]]
|latest_appearance=''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'' ([[List of Mario games by date#2013|2013]])
|notable=[[Frog Sage]]<br>[[Frogfucius' Student]]<br>[[Soundfrog]]<br>[[Wart]]<br>[[Winky]]
|expand=expandable
|collapsed=true
}}
}}
'''Frogs''' appear in the [[Super Mario (franchise)|''Super Mario'']] franchise with varying roles. The first appearance of an anuran creature in a ''Super Mario'' game was ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', which marked the debut of [[Wart]], though non-sapient generic frogs would first appear in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' as minor interactive elements.
==History==
===''Yoshi'' franchise===
====''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island'' / ''Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3'' ====
In ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' and ''[[Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3]]'', green and brown frogs appear as ambient species. They mainly inhabit wet climates, such as [[World 3 (Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island)|World 3]]. They are seen hopping continuously in one direction, switching directions whenever [[Yoshi (species)|Yoshi]] approaches them. They can disappear by jumping into a body of water. However, they will respawn in their initial spot after Yoshi leaves and returns in their area. Additionally, [[Frog Pirate]]s are a larger variety of frogs that grab [[Baby Mario#Super Mario World 2: Yoshi.27s Island .2F Yoshi.27s Island: Super Mario Advance 3|Baby Mario]] using their tongues if a Yoshi approaches. The mid-boss of this world is known as [[Froggy]]. Unlike the other bosses, this one does not get altered by Kamek's magic.
====''Yoshi's Crafted World''====
[[File:HoppinHigherYCW.jpg|200px|thumb|Yoshi standing on a frog]]
Origami frogs appear in ''[[Yoshi's Crafted World]]'' in the level [[Hoppin' Higher]]. In this game, they constantly jump in one spot. If Yoshi [[Ground Pound|ground pound]]s them, they hop higher.
===''Mario Party 2''===
In ''[[Mario Party 2]]'', in the ending cutscene played after finishing a game on [[Horror Land]], [[Bowser|Wizard Bowser]] turns a green [[Koopa Troopa]] into a frog. However, the winner of the game then appears to turn the Koopa back to normal and engages in a duel against Wizard Bowser. Bowser loses and gets turned into a frog himself before hopping away.


'''Frogs''' (Japanese: カエル, ''Kaeru'') are a species of animals. In the [[Mario (series)|''Mario'' series]], real-world frogs exist along with anthropomorphic frogs who are sentient and are capable of speech.  
===''Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars''===
[[File:Frogfucius.jpg|90px|thumb|left|Frog Sage]]
[[File:SMRPG Frogfucius' Student Artwork.png|90px|thumb|Frogfucius' Student]]
In ''[[Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars]]'', two friendly non-playable characters, the [[Frog Sage]] and [[Frogfucius' Student|his student]], and two enemies, [[Frogog]] and [[Ribbite]], are sentient frogs. The Frog Sage resides at [[Tadpole Pond]], watching over the [[Tadpole]]s that also live there, and provides [[Mario]]'s party with information, while his student can be found at the [[elder]]'s house in [[Seaside Town]] and [[List of shops in Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars#Seaside Town|exchanges items]] for [[Frog Coin]]s.


==History==
Frogs begin their lives as Tadpoles, just as in the real world.
===''Super Mario Bros. 2''===
 
[[Wart]] from ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' is a powerful toad monster who attempted to take over the world of dreams, [[Subcon]]. He is the first frog seen in the ''Mario'' series.
===''Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door''===
In an E3 demo of ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', [[Hooktail]] had a strong dislike toward frogs. In the final release, while Hooktail is still afraid of frogs in other translated versions of the game, the English version was changed and she was given a hatred of crickets instead. In the [[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door (Nintendo Switch)|Nintendo Switch remake]], Hooktail now has a weakness to frogs in all versions of the game.
 
===''Diddy Kong Racing'' / ''Diddy Kong Racing DS''===
In ''[[Diddy Kong Racing]]'' and [[Diddy Kong Racing DS|its Nintendo DS remake]], several frogs live in the pond in the hub. One of these frogs, who has a tell-tale red crest upon its head, is actually [[Drumstick (character)|Drumstick]], who has been put into frog form by [[Wizpig]]. He can be freed if the player runs over him with a car.
 
===''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon''===
Frogs<ref>{{cite|quote=Before you leave the Tower Lobby, drop down and flash the frogs in the trench, then move to the foreground and vacuum the coins to the left.|author=von Esmarch, Nick|title=''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'' PRIMA Official Game Guide|page=62|date=March 24, 2013|isbn=978-0-307-89554-7|publisher=Prima Games|language=en-us}}</ref> appear in ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'', which features them pigmented with warm colors, with most of their body being red. They croak when discovered and act as ambiance creatures. They do not actively try to injure Luigi, but can drain five heart points from his health meter if they run into him. They can be defeated with the [[Strobulb]], dropping a [[coin]] once they disappear.


===''Donkey Kong'' (Game Boy)===
The frogs are mainly found in the [[Haunted Towers]]. They also appear in the final [[King Boo]] battle, with larger variants appearing as well, which may spawn from spiked balls after King Boo slams the ground. These giant frogs, however, do not grant any treasure upon getting flashed with the Strobulb.
[[Image:DKGB Frog.png|frame|left]]
In ''[[Donkey Kong (Game Boy)|Donkey Kong]]'' for the [[Game Boy]], frogs are allies of [[Mario]]. When Mario is standing on them, they jump up high in the air, allowing him to reach higher platforms while carrying the [[key]]. Frogs first appear in stage 4-10 in the [[Jungle (Donkey Kong)|Jungle]]. Frogs can also be taken out if objects such as the key are thrown at them.


===''Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars''===
The game also features '''gold frogs''',<ref>{{cite|quote=Search the nearby tree to coax a gold frog out of hiding. Flash the frog, then head out through the gate and enter the Courtyard.|author=von Esmarch, Nick|title=''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon'' PRIMA Official Game Guide|page=94|date=March 24, 2013|publisher=Prima Games|language=en-us}}</ref> which reward Luigi with multiple [[Gold Bar]]s if he uses the Strobulb on them. Gold frogs can be primarily found on the [[East Balcony]] of the [[Treacherous Mansion]].
The [[Tadpole Pond]] is inhabited by large, sapient frogs in the duration of ''[[Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars]]''. [[Mallow]] was raised by the frogs (specifically [[Frogfucius]]) and believed that he, himself, was a frog as well. The young [[tadpole]]s comprise a greater part of the population than the frogs, of which there are only two.
{{br}}


===''Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island''===
===''Super Mario Odyssey''===
Smaller frogs later appeared in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]'' where they could be seen jumping around in some [[World 3 (YI)|World 3]] levels, they didn't have any effect on the gameplay and were mostly part of the background, also red and green frogs could be seen in the foreground of swamp stages (they are also unaffected by gameplay and were simply placed in the game for decoration). The game also features a sub-species of enemy frogs known as [[Frog Pirate]]s and there was also a Frog Pirate boss called [[Prince Froggy]].
[[File:SMO_-_Frog_(Possessed).jpeg|thumb|left|100px|Mario as a captured frog]]
Small, harmless frogs appear in ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'', where they can be found in [[Cap Kingdom|Bonneton]], [[Lake Kingdom|Lake Lamode]], [[Moon Kingdom|Honeylune Ridge]], and the [[Darker Side]]. They can be [[capture]]d by Mario and [[Cappy]], and are the first captureable beings in the game. As such, capturing a frog in [[Top-Hat Tower]] of the Cap Kingdom for the first time plays a special cutscene as Mario enters the frog. Frogs only move within a small area with tiny hops, and occasionally jump. Additionally, in Top-Hat Tower, percussion instruments are added to the music whenever a frog is captured, and Mario can jump on frogs to receive a [[coin]]. Some frogs wear small top hats, which is noted by a souvenir description to be a defense mechanism. These hats have to be knocked off to capture them, which can be done with an initial [[Cap Throw]] or by jumping on them.  


===''Yoshi's Story''===
When captured, frogs move somewhat slowly by default but can [[dash]] by holding {{button|switch|X}} or {{button|switch|Y}}. While a frog can already jump quite high, the player can shake their {{button|switch|pro}} or {{button|switch|joy-con}} to perform a High Jump, which has the frog do a back flip as it goes even higher. Mario can defeat [[Mini Goomba]]s by simply running into them while being a frog, due to how they move with hops. Frogs are so light they do not weigh down platforms that sink while Mario stands on them. Frogs can swim on the surface of water without sinking. Frogs cannot unearth [[Rock (Super Mario series)|rocks]].  
[[Image:LittleFrog.PNG|thumb|120px|left|A frog in ''Yoshi's Story''.]]
Frogs also appeared as enemies in ''[[Yoshi's Story]]'' during Stage 4-4: [[Neuron Jungle]]. They swarm any [[Yoshi (species)|Yoshi]] crossing the lagoon. Although any Yoshi could eat them, [[Green Yoshi]] liked them best.


===''Diddy Kong Racing''===
A [[Crazy Cap#Plush Frog|Plush Frog]] is a souvenir for the Cap Kingdom. According to the Moon Kingdom brochure, the frogs there were brought by the Moon's first pioneers; seeing a "Moon Frog" is said to be a good omen.
In [[Diddy Kong Racing]] and [[Diddy Kong Racing DS|its remake]], several frogs live in the pond in the hub. One of these frogs, who has a tell-tale red crest upon its head, is actually [[Drumstick]], who has been put into frog form by [[Wizpig]]. He can be freed if the player runs over him in a car.


===''Mario Party 6''===
In this game, the frogs resemble {{wp|Japanese tree frog}}s.
In ''[[Mario Party 6]]'', some frogs can be seen in the background of [[Towering Treetop]].
{{br}}


===''WarioWare'' series===
==Gallery==
Frogs make minor appearances in ''[[WarioWare]]'' series. In ''[[WarioWare: Mega Microgame$]]'' microgame [[What's the Toadal?]], frogs must be counted. Strange-looking frogs appear in the [[List of microgames in WarioWare, Inc.: Mega Microgame$!#Nature|Nature]] folder microgames [[Hoppin' Mad]] and [[The Frog Flap]]. In ''[[WarioWare: Twisted]]'', orange frogs appear in [[Launchpad]].
<gallery>
Mario's Picross Frog.png|Puzzle from ''[[Mario's Picross]]''
DKR Frog model.png|Model from ''[[Diddy Kong Racing]]''
Frog LMDM.png|Artwork from ''[[Luigi's Mansion Arcade]]''
SMO Frog Capture.png|Artwork from ''[[Super Mario Odyssey]]'' ([[Capture|captured frog]])
SMO Art - Frog Mario cleaned.png|Artwork from ''Super Mario Odyssey'' (captured frog)
SMO Art - Frog Mario.png|Artwork from ''Super Mario Odyssey'' (captured frog)
SMO Plush Frog Souvenir.png|Crazy Cap icon from ''Super Mario Odyssey'' ([[Crazy Cap#Plush Frog|Plush Frog]])
SMO Asset Sprite Frog.png|Dialogue sprite from ''Super Mario Odyssey''
Frog Odyssey.jpg|Screenshot from ''Super Mario Odyssey''
</gallery>


===''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon''===
==Names in other languages==
Frogs appear again in ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]''. In this game, they are red, croak when discovered, and act as ambiance creatures. They don't directly try to injure Luigi. They also appear in the final [[King Boo]] battle, as well as a special giant version of the frog, which may appear instead of a spiked ball when King Boo slams the ground. Like other ambiance creatures in the game, there is also a '''Gold Frog''' variant, which will reward Luigi with multiple [[Gold Bar]]s if he uses the [[Strobulb]] on them.
===Frog===
{{foreign names
|Jap=カエル
|JapR=Kaeru
|JapM=Frog
|Jap2=ゲーコ<ref name=shoga>{{cite|author=Shogakukan staff|title=『ルイージマンション 2: 任天堂公式ガイドブック』|date=April 25, 2013|location=Tokyo|publisher=Shogakukan|isbn=978-4-09-106520-9}}{{page needed}}</ref>
|Jap2N=''Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon''
|Jap2R=Gēko
|Jap2M=Comes from「ゲコゲコ」(''gekogeko'', "ribbit"); shared with the [[Frog (Yoshi's Story)|frog]]s in ''[[Yoshi's Story]]''
|Chi=青蛙
|ChiR=Qīngwā
|ChiM=Frog
|Dut=Kikker
|DutM=Frog
|Fre=Grenouille
|FreM=Frog
|Ger=Frosch
|GerM=Frog
|Ita=Rana
|ItaM=Frog
|Kor=개굴이
|KorR=Gaeguri
|KorM=Frog
|Por=Sapo
|PorM=Frog
|Rus=Лягушка
|RusR=Lyagushka
|RusM=Frog
|Spa=Rana
|SpaM=Frog
}}


===''Super Mario Maker''===
===Gold frog===
A single frog reappears in ''[[Super Mario Maker]]''. It is the [[Soundfrog]], which is one the characters in the [[Course Maker]]. His purpose is to let the player select sound effects for their level. It also releases [[List of officially released courses in Super Mario Maker|offical courses]] for the game.
{{foreign names
|Jap=ゴルゲーコ<ref name=shoga/>
|JapR=Goru Gēko
|JapM=Gold Gēko
}}


==Other appearances==
==References==
In ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', there is a [[Frog Suit]] that allows [[Mario]] to become [[Frog Mario]] and [[Luigi]] to become Frog Luigi; other frog-like enemies also appeared ''[[Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins]]''.
{{NIWA|Nookipedia=Frog (fish)|ZeldaWiki=1}}
<references/>


==Trivia==
*In an E3 demo of ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', [[Hooktail]] had a strong dislike toward frogs, but this was changed and Hooktail was given the hatred of crickets. However, she is still afraid of frogs in the translated versions of the game other than English.
{{BoxTop}}
{{Yoshi's Story}}
{{LMDM}}
{{LMDM}}
[[Category:Species]]
{{SMO}}
[[Category:Allies]]
[[Category:Amphibians]]
[[Category:Enemies]]
[[Category:Earth animals]]
[[Category:Yoshi Species]]
[[Category:Yoshi Enemies]]
[[Category:Donkey Kong Species]]
[[Category:Donkey Kong Enemies]]
[[Category:Reptiles and Amphibians]]
[[Category:Forms]]
[[Category:Forms]]
[[Category:Real World Animals]]
[[Category:Capturable]]
[[Category:Frogs]]
[[Category:Diddy Kong Racing]]
[[Category:Donkey Kong species]]
[[Category:Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon enemies]]
[[Category:Super Mario Odyssey species]]
[[Category:Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars species]]
[[Category:Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island species]]
[[it:Rana]]
[[de:Frosch]]

Latest revision as of 13:56, October 5, 2024

This article is about the real-world species. For the enemy from Yoshi's Story, see Frog (Yoshi's Story).
Frog
A Frog from Super Mario Odyssey.
Artwork from Super Mario Odyssey
First appearance Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island (1995)
Latest appearance Luigi's Mansion 2 HD (2024)
Derived subjects
Relatives
Notable members

Frogs appear in the Super Mario franchise with varying roles. The first appearance of an anuran creature in a Super Mario game was Super Mario Bros. 2, which marked the debut of Wart, though non-sapient generic frogs would first appear in Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island as minor interactive elements.

History[edit]

Yoshi franchise[edit]

Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island / Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3[edit]

In Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island and Yoshi's Island: Super Mario Advance 3, green and brown frogs appear as ambient species. They mainly inhabit wet climates, such as World 3. They are seen hopping continuously in one direction, switching directions whenever Yoshi approaches them. They can disappear by jumping into a body of water. However, they will respawn in their initial spot after Yoshi leaves and returns in their area. Additionally, Frog Pirates are a larger variety of frogs that grab Baby Mario using their tongues if a Yoshi approaches. The mid-boss of this world is known as Froggy. Unlike the other bosses, this one does not get altered by Kamek's magic.

Yoshi's Crafted World[edit]

Hoppin' Higher, the second level of Rumble Jungle in Yoshi's Crafted World.
Yoshi standing on a frog

Origami frogs appear in Yoshi's Crafted World in the level Hoppin' Higher. In this game, they constantly jump in one spot. If Yoshi ground pounds them, they hop higher.

Mario Party 2[edit]

In Mario Party 2, in the ending cutscene played after finishing a game on Horror Land, Wizard Bowser turns a green Koopa Troopa into a frog. However, the winner of the game then appears to turn the Koopa back to normal and engages in a duel against Wizard Bowser. Bowser loses and gets turned into a frog himself before hopping away.

Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars[edit]

Artwork of Frogfucius from Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars.
Frog Sage
Artwork of Frogfucius' Student
Frogfucius' Student

In Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars, two friendly non-playable characters, the Frog Sage and his student, and two enemies, Frogog and Ribbite, are sentient frogs. The Frog Sage resides at Tadpole Pond, watching over the Tadpoles that also live there, and provides Mario's party with information, while his student can be found at the elder's house in Seaside Town and exchanges items for Frog Coins.

Frogs begin their lives as Tadpoles, just as in the real world.

Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door[edit]

In an E3 demo of Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, Hooktail had a strong dislike toward frogs. In the final release, while Hooktail is still afraid of frogs in other translated versions of the game, the English version was changed and she was given a hatred of crickets instead. In the Nintendo Switch remake, Hooktail now has a weakness to frogs in all versions of the game.

Diddy Kong Racing / Diddy Kong Racing DS[edit]

In Diddy Kong Racing and its Nintendo DS remake, several frogs live in the pond in the hub. One of these frogs, who has a tell-tale red crest upon its head, is actually Drumstick, who has been put into frog form by Wizpig. He can be freed if the player runs over him with a car.

Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon[edit]

Frogs[1] appear in Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon, which features them pigmented with warm colors, with most of their body being red. They croak when discovered and act as ambiance creatures. They do not actively try to injure Luigi, but can drain five heart points from his health meter if they run into him. They can be defeated with the Strobulb, dropping a coin once they disappear.

The frogs are mainly found in the Haunted Towers. They also appear in the final King Boo battle, with larger variants appearing as well, which may spawn from spiked balls after King Boo slams the ground. These giant frogs, however, do not grant any treasure upon getting flashed with the Strobulb.

The game also features gold frogs,[2] which reward Luigi with multiple Gold Bars if he uses the Strobulb on them. Gold frogs can be primarily found on the East Balcony of the Treacherous Mansion.

Super Mario Odyssey[edit]

A Frog captured by Mario and Cappy in Super Mario Odyssey
Mario as a captured frog

Small, harmless frogs appear in Super Mario Odyssey, where they can be found in Bonneton, Lake Lamode, Honeylune Ridge, and the Darker Side. They can be captured by Mario and Cappy, and are the first captureable beings in the game. As such, capturing a frog in Top-Hat Tower of the Cap Kingdom for the first time plays a special cutscene as Mario enters the frog. Frogs only move within a small area with tiny hops, and occasionally jump. Additionally, in Top-Hat Tower, percussion instruments are added to the music whenever a frog is captured, and Mario can jump on frogs to receive a coin. Some frogs wear small top hats, which is noted by a souvenir description to be a defense mechanism. These hats have to be knocked off to capture them, which can be done with an initial Cap Throw or by jumping on them.

When captured, frogs move somewhat slowly by default but can dash by holding X Button or Y Button. While a frog can already jump quite high, the player can shake their Nintendo Switch Pro Controller or Joy-Con to perform a High Jump, which has the frog do a back flip as it goes even higher. Mario can defeat Mini Goombas by simply running into them while being a frog, due to how they move with hops. Frogs are so light they do not weigh down platforms that sink while Mario stands on them. Frogs can swim on the surface of water without sinking. Frogs cannot unearth rocks.

A Plush Frog is a souvenir for the Cap Kingdom. According to the Moon Kingdom brochure, the frogs there were brought by the Moon's first pioneers; seeing a "Moon Frog" is said to be a good omen.

In this game, the frogs resemble Japanese tree frogs.

Gallery[edit]

Names in other languages[edit]

Frog[edit]

Language Name Meaning Notes
Japanese カエル[?]
Kaeru
Frog
ゲーコ[3]
Gēko
Comes from「ゲコゲコ」(gekogeko, "ribbit"); shared with the frogs in Yoshi's Story Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon
Chinese 青蛙[?]
Qīngwā
Frog
Dutch Kikker[?] Frog
French Grenouille[?] Frog
German Frosch[?] Frog
Italian Rana[?] Frog
Korean 개굴이[?]
Gaeguri
Frog
Portuguese Sapo[?] Frog
Russian Лягушка[?]
Lyagushka
Frog
Spanish Rana[?] Frog

Gold frog[edit]

Language Name Meaning Notes
Japanese ゴルゲーコ[3]
Goru Gēko
Gold Gēko

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Before you leave the Tower Lobby, drop down and flash the frogs in the trench, then move to the foreground and vacuum the coins to the left." – von Esmarch, Nick (March 24, 2013). Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon PRIMA Official Game Guide. Prima Games (American English). ISBN 978-0-307-89554-7. Page 62.
  2. ^ "Search the nearby tree to coax a gold frog out of hiding. Flash the frog, then head out through the gate and enter the Courtyard." – von Esmarch, Nick (March 24, 2013). Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon PRIMA Official Game Guide. Prima Games (American English). Page 94.
  3. ^ a b Shogakukan staff (April 25, 2013). 『ルイージマンション 2: 任天堂公式ガイドブック』. Tokyo: Shogakukan. ISBN 978-4-09-106520-9.[page number needed]