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{{Theme infobox
{{Theme infobox
|composer=[[Koji Kondo]]
|composer=[[Koji Kondo]]
|file=[[file:Super Mario World Ground Theme Motif.oga]]<br>The main motif of "Ground BGM" played on a piano
|file=[[file:Super Mario World Ground Theme Motif.oga]]<br>The main motif of "Ground Theme" played on a piano
|key={{wp|F major}}
|key={{wp|F major}}
|first_appearance=''[[Super Mario World]]'' ([[List of games by date#1990|1990]])
|first_appearance=''[[Super Mario World]]'' ([[List of games by date#1990|1990]])
|latest_appearance=''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door (Nintendo Switch)|Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'' ([[Nintendo Switch]]) ([[List of games by date#2024|2024]])
|latest_appearance=''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door (Nintendo Switch)|Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'' ([[Nintendo Switch]]) ([[List of games by date#2024|2024]])
}}
}}
"'''Ground BGM''',"<ref name=Music>[[Nintendo Music]]</ref> also known as the "'''Ground Theme''',"<ref>''[[Super Mario History 1985-2010]]''</ref> is a musical theme composed by [[Koji Kondo]] for ''[[Super Mario World]]''. It is used as a {{wp|motif}} throughout the game, and has been reused and rearranged in numerous pieces of ''[[Super Mario (franchise)|Super Mario]]'' media.
"'''Ground BGM''',"<ref>[[Nintendo Music]]</ref> also known as the "'''Ground Theme''',"<ref>[[Super Mario History 1985-2010]]</ref> is a musical theme composed by [[Koji Kondo]] for ''[[Super Mario World]]''. It is used as a {{wp|motif}} throughout the game, and has been reused and rearranged in numerous pieces of ''[[Super Mario (franchise)|Super Mario]]'' media.


==Composition==
==Composition==
"Ground BGM" is played on steel drum, with synthesizer, guitar, brass, and acoustic bass as accompaniment, matching the tropical setting of [[Dinosaur Land]]. The melody is inspired by the 1963 folk song "{{wp|Green, Green (song)|Green, Green}}".<ref>{{cite|language=en|author=Thomas Game Docs|date=June 15, 2021|url=www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8SNbCDXgaQ|title=The pop song that Nintendo copied|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=May 11, 2021}}</ref> The melody mostly adheres to the {{wp|major pentatonic scale}} in the key of F.
The "Ground Theme", originally titled 「'''地上BGM'''」 (''Chijō BGM'', "Ground BGM"), is played on steel drum, with synthesizer, guitar, brass, and acoustic bass as accompaniment, matching the tropical setting of [[Dinosaur Land]]. The melody is inspired by the 1963 folk song "{{wp|Green, Green (song)|Green, Green}}".<ref>{{cite|language=en|author=Thomas Game Docs|date=June 15, 2021|url=www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8SNbCDXgaQ|title=The pop song that Nintendo copied|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=May 11, 2021}}</ref> The melody mostly adheres to the {{wp|major pentatonic scale}} in the key of F.
{{Media table
{{Media table
|file=Overworld Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file=Overworld Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title="Ground BGM"
|title=地上BGM
|description=The original theme heard in ''Super Mario World''  
|description=The original theme heard in ''Super Mario World''  
|length=0:30
|length=0:30
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==Reuses==
==Reuses==
:''For reuses of "Athletic BGM", see [[Athletic BGM (Super Mario World)#Reuses|Athletic BGM (Super Mario World) § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of the "Athletic Theme", see [[Athletic Theme (Super Mario World)#Reuses|Athletic Theme (Super Mario World) § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of "Bonus Game BGM", see [[Bonus Game BGM#Reuses|Bonus Game BGM § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of the bonus game theme, see [[Bonus Men BGM#Reuses|Bonus Men BGM § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of "Castle BGM", see [[Castle BGM (Super Mario World)#Reuses|Castle BGM (Super Mario World) § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of the "Castle" theme, see [[Castle (theme)#Reuses|Castle (theme) § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of "Ghost House BGM", see [[Ghost House BGM#Reuses|Ghost House BGM § Reuses]].''
:''For reuses of the Ghost House theme, see [[Obake Yashiki BGM#Reuses|Obake Yashiki BGM § Reuses]].''
The following list does not include ports or remakes of ''Super Mario World''.
The following list does not include ports or remakes of ''Super Mario World''.
{|class=wikitable style="width:100%"
{|class=wikitable style="width:100%"
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==Arrangements==
==Arrangements==
:''For arrangements of "Athletic BGM", see [[Athletic BGM (Super Mario World)#Arrangements|Athletic BGM (Super Mario World) § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of the "Athletic Theme", see [[Athletic Theme (Super Mario World)#Arrangements|Athletic Theme (Super Mario World) § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of "Bonus Game BGM", see [[Bonus Game BGM#Arrangements|Bonus Game BGM § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of the bonus game theme, see [[Bonus Men BGM#Arrangements|Bonus Men BGM § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of "Castle BGM", see [[Castle BGM (Super Mario World)#Arrangements|Castle BGM (Super Mario World) § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of the "Castle" theme, see [[Castle (theme)#Arrangements|Castle (theme) § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of "Ghost House BGM", see [[Ghost House BGM#Arrangements|Ghost House BGM § Arrangements]].''
:''For arrangements of the Ghost House theme, see [[Obake Yashiki BGM#Arrangements|Obake Yashiki BGM § Arrangements]].''
===''Super Mario'' series===
===''Super Mario'' series===
====''Super Mario World''====
====''Super Mario World''====
The "Ground BGM" {{wp|motif}} is used in several different themes throughout ''[[Super Mario World]]'', often changing the {{wp|Mode (music)|mode}} of the theme. The athletic, underground, castle, underwater, [[Bonus game (Super Mario World)|bonus game]], course clear, and game over themes are all arrangements of "Ground BGM". "'''[[Athletic BGM (Super Mario World)|Athletic BGM]]'''" is an upbeat {{wp|ragtime}} arrangement of "Ground BGM" in the key of {{wp|C major}}. "'''Underwater BGM'''"<ref name=Music/> is a slow {{wp|waltz}} arrangement of "Ground BGM" in the original key of {{wp|F major}}. The rhythm of the melody is altered to fit the {{wp|triple metre|triple meter}} time of the piece. "'''Underground BGM'''"<ref name=Music/> and the "'''[[Castle BGM (Super Mario World)|Castle BGM]]'''"<ref name=Music/> are both slow arrangements of "Ground BGM". They flatten most instances of the {{wp|mediant}} and {{wp|leading-tone}} to put the melody in the {{wp|Dorian mode}}. The theme is transposed to {{wp|C minor}} for the repeating bars of the "Castle". "'''[[Ghost House BGM]]'''"<ref name=Music/> is a foreboding arrangement of "Ground BGM". The motif of the theme is played slowly in several {{wp|natural minor scale}}s in the arrangement. Additionally, the key center regularly changes throughout the arrangement to produce an unnerving, disorienting effect. "'''[[Bonus Game BGM]]'''"<ref name=Music/> is a playful arrangement of "Ground BGM" in the key of {{wp|F major}}. "'''Course Clear'''"<ref name=Music/> is a brief {{wp|brass}} arrangement of "Ground BGM". "'''Game Over'''"<ref name=Music/> is an arrangement of "Ground BGM" played on {{wp|harp}}.
The "Ground Theme" {{wp|motif}} is used in several different themes throughout ''[[Super Mario World]]'', often changing the {{wp|Mode (music)|mode}} of the theme. The athletic, underground, castle, underwater, [[Bonus game (Super Mario World)|bonus game]], course clear, and game over themes are all arrangements of the "Ground Theme". The "'''[[Athletic Theme (Super Mario World)|Athletic Theme]]'''", 「アスレチックBGM」 (''Asurechikku BGM'', "Athletic BGM"), is an upbeat {{wp|ragtime}} arrangement of the "Ground Theme" in the key of {{wp|C major}}. The underwater theme, 「'''水中BGM'''」 (''Suichū BGM'', "Underwater BGM"),<ref name=SMW/> is a slow {{wp|waltz}} arrangement of the "Ground Theme" in the original key of {{wp|F major}}. The rhythm of the melody is altered to fit the {{wp|triple metre|triple meter}} time of the piece. The underground theme, 「'''地下BGM'''」 (''Chika BGM'', "Underground BGM"),<ref name=SMW/> and the "'''[[Castle (theme)|Castle]]'''" theme, 「砦BGM」 (''Toride BGM'', "Fort BGM"),<ref name=SMW/> are both slow arrangements of the "Ground Theme". They flatten most instances of the {{wp|mediant}} and {{wp|leading-tone}} to put the melody in the {{wp|Dorian mode}}. The theme is transposed to {{wp|C minor}} for the repeating bars of the "Castle". The [[Ghost House]] theme, 「'''[[Obake Yashiki BGM|おばけ屋敷BGM]]'''」 (''Obake Yashiki BGM'', "Haunted House BGM"),<ref name=SMW/> is a foreboding arrangement of the "Ground Theme". The motif of the theme is played slowly in several {{wp|natural minor scale}}s in the arrangement. Additionally, the key center regularly changes throughout the arrangement to produce an unnerving, disorienting effect. The [[Bonus game (Super Mario World)|bonus game]] theme, 「'''[[Bonus Men BGM|ボーナス面BGM]]'''」 (''Bōnasu Men BGM'', "Bonus Screen BGM"),<ref name=SMW>{{cite|url=vgmdb.net/album/533|language=en|title=Super Mario World|publisher=VGMdb|accessdate=September 17, 2021}}</ref> is a playful arrangement of the "Ground Theme" in the key of {{wp|F major}}. The course clear theme, 「'''コースクリア ファンファーレ'''」 (''Kōsu Kuria Fanfāre'', "Course Clear Fanfare"),<ref name=SMW/> is a brief {{wp|brass}} arrangement of the "Ground Theme". The [[Game Over]] theme, 「'''ゲームオーバー'''」 (''Gēmu Ōbā'', "Game Over"),<ref name=SMW/> is an arrangement of the "Ground Theme" played on {{wp|harp}}.


While Mario is riding a [[Yoshi (species)|Yoshi]], {{wp|bongo}} percussion is added to the original theme and all of these arrangements. This does not include "Ghost House BGM" and "Castle BGM", where Yoshi cannot enter, and "Bonus Game BGM", which already includes bongo percussion.
While Mario is riding a [[Yoshi (species)|Yoshi]], {{wp|bongo}} percussion is added to the original theme and all of these arrangements. This does not include the Ghost House theme and "Castle", where Yoshi cannot enter, and "Bonus Game BGM", which already includes bongo percussion.


In ''[[Super Mario Maker]]'', ''[[Super Mario Maker for Nintendo 3DS]]'', and ''[[Super Mario Maker 2]]'', "Castle BGM", "Underground BGM", "Underwater BGM", and "Ghost House BGM" are all reused for the respective course themes in the ''Super Mario World'' game style, as well as "Course Clear" upon hitting the [[Giant Gate]]'s tape, and "Bonus Game BGM" through the Bonus Music [[List of sound effects in Super Mario Maker|sound effect]].
In ''[[Super Mario Maker]]'', ''[[Super Mario Maker for Nintendo 3DS]]'', and ''[[Super Mario Maker 2]]'', "Castle", the underground, underwater, and Ghost House themes are all reused for the respective course themes in the ''Super Mario World'' game style, as well as the Course Clear theme upon hitting the [[Giant Gate]]'s tape, and the bonus game theme through the Bonus Music [[List of sound effects in Super Mario Maker|sound effect]].


In ''Super Mario Maker 2'', the Game Over theme in Endless Challenge is the arrangement from ''Super Mario World'' if the last course played was in that game style.
In ''Super Mario Maker 2'', the Game Over theme in Endless Challenge is the arrangement from ''Super Mario World'' if the last course played was in that game style.


In ''[[WarioWare: Get It Together!]]'', "Course Clear" plays after passing the [[Giant Gate]] at the end of each level.
In ''[[WarioWare: Get It Together!]]'', the Course Clear fanfare plays after passing the [[Giant Gate]] at the end of each level.
{{media table
{{media table
|file8=Overworld Theme (Yoshi) Super Mario World.oga
|file8=Overworld Theme (Yoshi) Super Mario World.oga
|title8="Yoshi Ground BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title8=地上BGM
|description8=The Yoshi version of the original theme heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description8=The Yoshi version of the original theme heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length8=0:30
|length8=0:30
|file1=Athletic Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file1=Athletic Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title1="Athletic BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title1=アスレチックBGM
|description1=The athletic arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description1=The "Athletic Theme" arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length1=0:30
|length1=0:30
|file2=SMW Athletic BGM Yoshi.oga
|file2=SMW Athletic BGM Yoshi.oga
|title2="Yoshi Athletic BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title2=アスレチックBGM
|description2=The Yoshi version of the athletic arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description2=The Yoshi version of the "Athletic Theme" arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length2=0:30
|length2=0:30
|file10=Swimming Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file10=Swimming Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title10="Underwater BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title10=水中BGM
|description10=The underwater arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description10=The underwater arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length10=0:30
|length10=0:30
|file11=Swimming Theme (Yoshi) Super Mario World.oga
|file11=Swimming Theme (Yoshi) Super Mario World.oga
|title11="Yoshi Underwater BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title11=水中BGM
|description11=The Yoshi version of the underwater arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description11=The Yoshi version of the underwater arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length11=0:30
|length11=0:30
|file12=Underground Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file12=Underground Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title12="Underground BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title12=地下BGM
|description12=The underground arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description12=The underground arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length12=0:30
|length12=0:30
|file13=Underground Theme (Yoshi) Super Mario World.oga
|file13=Underground Theme (Yoshi) Super Mario World.oga
|title13="Yoshi Underground BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title13=地下BGM
|description13=The Yoshi version of the underground arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description13=The Yoshi version of the underground arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length13=0:30
|length13=0:30
|file6=Haunted House Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file6=Haunted House Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title6="Ghost House BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title6=おばけ屋敷BGM
|description6=The Ghost House arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description6=The Ghost House arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length6=0:30
|length6=0:30
|file9=Sub Castle Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file9=Sub Castle Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title9="Castle BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title9=砦BGM
|description9=The castle arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description9=The "Castle" arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length9=0:30
|length9=0:30
|file3=Bonus Screen Theme Super Mario World.oga
|file3=Bonus Screen Theme Super Mario World.oga
|title3="Bonus Game BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|title3=ボーナス面BGM
|description3=The bonus game arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description3=The "Bonus Screen BGM" arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length3=0:30
|length3=0:30
|file4=SMW Course Clear Fanfare.oga
|file4=SMW Course Clear Fanfare.oga
|title4="Course Clear"<ref name=Music/>
|title4=コースクリア ファンファーレ
|description4=The course clear arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description4=The course clear arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length4=0:11
|length4=0:11
|file5=SMW Game Over.oga
|file5=SMW Game Over.oga
|title5="Game Over"<ref name=Music/>
|title5=ゲームオーバー
|description5=The Game Over arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|description5=The Game Over arrangement heard in ''Super Mario World''
|length5=0:09
|length5=0:09
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==List of ''Super Mario'' appearances==
==List of ''Super Mario'' appearances==
:''For appearances of "Athletic BGM", see [[Athletic BGM (Super Mario World)#List of Super Mario appearances|Athletic BGM (Super Mario World) § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of the "Athletic Theme", see [[Athletic Theme (Super Mario World)#List of Super Mario appearances|Athletic Theme (Super Mario World) § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of "Bonus Game BGM", see [[Bonus Game BGM#List of Super Mario appearances|Bonus Game BGM § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of the bonus game theme, see [[Bonus Men BGM#List of Super Mario appearances|Bonus Men BGM § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of "Castle BGM", see [[Castle BGM (Super Mario World)#List of Super Mario appearances|Castle BGM (Super Mario World) § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of the "Castle" theme, see [[Castle (theme)#List of Super Mario appearances|Castle (theme) § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of "Ghost House BGM", see [[Ghost House BGM#List of Super Mario appearances|Ghost House BGM § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
:''For appearances of the Ghost House theme, see [[Obake Yashiki BGM#List of Super Mario appearances|Obake Yashiki BGM § List of Super Mario appearances]].''
===Games===
===Games===
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%"
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%"
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|rowspan=9|1991
|rowspan=9|1991
|Original
|Original
|"Ground BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「地上BGM」 (''Chijō BGM'')
|rowspan=9|Koji Kondo
|rowspan=9|Koji Kondo
|-
|-
|rowspan=8|Arrangement
|rowspan=8|Arrangement
|"Athletic BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「アスレチックBGM」 (''Asurechikku BGM'')
|-
|-
|"Underwater BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「水中BGM」 (''Suichū BGM'')
|-
|-
|"Underground BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「地下BGM」 (''Chika BGM'')
|-
|-
|"Castle BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「砦BGM」 (''Toride BGM'')
|-
|-
|"Ghost House BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「おばけ屋敷BGM」 (''Obake Yashiki BGM'')
|-
|-
|"Bonus Game BGM"<ref name=Music/>
|「ボーナス面BGM」 (''Bōnasu Men BGM'')
|-
|-
|"Course Clear"<ref name=Music/>
|「コースクリア ファンファーレ」 (''Kōsu Kuria Fanfāre'')
|-
|-
|"Game Over"<ref name=Music/>
|「ゲームオーバー」 (''Gēmu Ōbā'')
|-
|-
|''[[Mario Teaches Typing]]''
|''[[Mario Teaches Typing]]''
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|JpnR=Chijō BGM
|JpnR=Chijō BGM
|JpnM=Above-ground BGM
|JpnM=Above-ground BGM
|JpnC=<ref>{{cite|url=vgmdb.net/album/533|language=en|title=Super Mario World|publisher=VGMdb|accessdate=September 17, 2021}}</ref>
|Ita=Tema base<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/it-it/Giochi/Wii/Super-Mario-All-Stars-25th-Anniversary-Edition-283311.html#CD_colonna_sonora|language=it|publisher=Nintendo of Europe|title=CD della colonna sonora Super Mario History|accessdate=July 8, 2024}}</ref>
|Ita=Tema base
|ItaM=Base theme
|ItaM=Base theme
|ItaC=<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/it-it/Giochi/Wii/Super-Mario-All-Stars-25th-Anniversary-Edition-283311.html#CD_colonna_sonora|language=it|publisher=Nintendo of Europe|title=CD della colonna sonora Super Mario History|accessdate=July 8, 2024}}</ref>
}}
}}


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