Editing Koopa (species)

|image={{nw|[[File:SuperMarioParty KoopaTroopa.png|80x80px|link=Koopa Troopa]][[File:SMO Artwork Lakitu.png|80x80px|link=Lakitu]][[File:SMMfor3DS - WingedBowser.png|80x80px|link=Koopa (Bowser's species)]][[File:NSMBU Bony Beetle Artwork.png|80x80px|link=Bony Beetle]]}}<br>{{nw|[[File:SMPJ Kamek Artwork.png|80x80px|link=Magikoopa]][[File:Super Mario Party - Spike Top.png|80x80px|link=Spike Top]][[File:SSBU Boom Boom Spirit.png|80x80px|link=Boom Boom]][[File:Snortoise (render) - SMBW.png|80x80px|link=Snortoise]]}}<br>{{nw|[[File:MKT Artwork CharginChuck.png|80x80px|link=Chargin' Chuck]][[File:Para Dry Bones Artwork - Super Mario 3D World.png|80x80px|link=Parabones]][[File:Spike - Mario Party 10.png|80x80px|link=Spike]][[File:SMG2 Hammer Bro Artwork.png|80x80px|link=Hammer Bro]]}}<br>{{nw|[[File:Spiny Egg NSMBW.png|80x80px|link=Spiny Egg]][[File:DMW-SledgeBro.png|80x80px|link=Sledge Bro]][[File:DMW-SumoBro.png|80x80px|link=Sumo Bro]][[File:SMRPG NS Terrapin.png|80x80px|link=Terrapin]]}}<br>Collage showing the diversity of Koopas

Koopas are named from [[Koopa (Bowser's species)|the species]] that [[Bowser]] belongs to due to an inconsistency in localization. According to an interpretation of the story of the original game's Japanese manual<ref>[https://www.nintendo.co.jp/clv/manuals/ja/pdf/CLV-P-HAAAJ.pdf ''Super Mario Bros.'' Japanese instruction booklet]. The line in particular is 「強力な魔法を操る大ガメクッパの一族」 which, due to the various meanings of 「の」, can be interpreted as both ''the tribe of the great turtle Koopa who uses powerful magic'' or ''the Koopa tribe, great turtles who use powerful magic''. Retrieved May 10, 2018.</ref> during the English localization that saw ''Koopa'' (クッパ) as the name of the group of turtles instead of the name of Bowser, they were known for their "black magic."<ref>[https://legendsoflocalization.com/media/super-mario-bros/manuals/Super-Mario-Bros-Manual-US.pdf ''Super Mario Bros.'' North American instruction booklet], page 2.</ref> Said interpretation has since been rectified, with ''Koopa'' being acknowledged to be the Japanese name of Bowser,<ref>[https://mario.nintendo.com/history/ ''History'' section of the ''Official Home of Mario'']. Note how the rectified story of ''Super Mario Bros.'' now states ''The Mushroom Kingdom was the peaceful home of the Toads until the day Bowser and his wicked minions invaded. Using powerful magic, Bowser™ transformed the Toads into bricks and quickly conquered the land.'' Retrieved May 10, 2018.</ref> but the concept of ''Koopas'' as a group of turtles in {{wp|Western world|the West}} remains,<ref>[https://mario.nintendo.com/characters/ Bowser's bio in the ''Official Home of Mario''] states ''The king of the Koopas dreams of ruling the Mushroom Kingdom, and only Mario and his brave friends stand in his way!''. Retrieved May 10, 2018.</ref> while [[Nintendo]] of Japan consistently refers to Koopa as the name of Bowser and to the Turtle Tribe (カメ{{ruby|族|ぞく}}) as the group to which the various turtles belong.<ref>As can be seen both by {{file link|SMCE pages 88 89.png|this diagram of Bowser's Minions on pages 88 and 89 of ''Super Mario All Hyakka'' (「スーパーマリオ全百科」, Super Mario All Encyclopedia)}} and the [https://www.nintendo.co.jp/character/mario/characters/index.html current bio of Bowser in the ''Mario Portal''].</ref> This inconsistency has also led to [[Koopa Troopa]]s commonly being called "Koopas" for short in many Western releases, despite its established wider application and it instead being Bowser's name in Japan.

Koopas in general are based on the [[Shellcreeper]]s from ''[[Mario Bros. (game)|Mario Bros.]]'', as evident by various enemies being tentatively named and designed after Shellcreepers in development documents of ''Super Mario Bros.''<ref>{{cite|author=Nintendo of America|date=September 14, 2015|url=www.youtube.com/watch?v=C73f618-3pk&t=2517s|timestamp=41:57|title=Nintendo Digital Event @ E3 2015|publisher=YouTube|accessdate=June 5, 2024}}</ref> ''[[Mario Mania]]'' indicates that Koopa Troopas and [[Koopa Paratroopa]]s were previously Shellcreepers.<ref>{{cite|quote="''These fighting turtles first appeared in Mario Bros. as Shellcreepers, then became Koopa Troopas and Koopa Paratroopas in the Super Mario Bros. series.''"|date=August 1991|title=Nintendo ''[[Mario Mania]]'' Player's Guide|language=en-us|page=13}}</ref> At least one source, ''[[Perfect Ban Mario Character Daijiten]]'', lists Shellcreepers among the Turtle Tribe while simultaneously stating that they are the roots originating the whole Turtle Tribe.<ref>{{cite|date=1994|title=''Perfect Ban Mario Character Daijiten''|publisher=[[Shogakukan]]|language=ja|page=[https://imgur.com/aNvk8LY 55]}}</ref> Additionally, ''[[Super Smash Bros. for Wii U]]'' states that Koopa Troopas (referred to simply as "Koopas" in English versions) are apparently evolved from Shellcreepers.<ref>{{cite|quote=The Koopa is apparently an evolved form of this veteran of Mario Bros.|author=Shellcreeper trophy|title=NTSC ''Super Smash Bros. for Wii U''}}</ref><ref>{{cite|quote="''A true veteran from way back in Mario Bros., this guy even predates Koopas, which apparently it evolved into.''"|author=Shellcreeper trophy|title=PAL ''Super Smash Bros. for Wii U''}}</ref><ref>{{cite|author=Treat4567|date=December 28, 2014|url=youtu.be/Kjy7Gd4cjrM?t=158|timestamp=2:38|title=<nowiki>[スマブラWiiU]</nowiki> フィギュア 全716種まとめ|publisher=YouTube|language=ja|accessdate=June 5, 2024}}</ref>

Bodyslam Koopa.png|[[Bodyslam Koopa]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario's Time Machine (Nintendo Entertainment System)|Mario's Time Machine]]'' (NES)'''

Dark Nokonoko.png|[[Rift Koopa]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Super Mario Bros. Wonder]]'''''

Glohm Koopa Troopa.png|[[Glohm Koopa Troopa]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario & Luigi: Brothership]]'''''

 

Master Duff.jpg|[[Master Duff]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario Golf: Super Rush]]'''''

Glohm Koopa Paratroopa.png|[[Glohm Koopa Paratroopa]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario & Luigi: Brothership]]'''''

'''Hammer Bros.''' (or '''Hammer Brothers''') are a type of Koopa that stand upright, wear helmets (and later shoes as well), and throw hammers at passersby. There are various similar Koopas who throw other objects at their opponents, such as the [[Boomerang Bro]]s., [[Ice Bro]]s., and the [[Fire Bro]]s. Many of these Koopas have similar shell patterns, color-coded by type: Hammer Bros. wear green armor, Fire Bros. wear red, Boomerang Bros. wear blue, Ice Bros. wear light blue, etc.; and beaks that are lighter in color than the rest of their face.

 

SM3DWBF Cat Hammer Bro.png|Cat Hammer Bro<br>'''Debut: ''[[Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury]]'''''

Catrangbro.png|Cat Boomerang Bro<br>'''Debut: ''[[Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury]]'''''

Catfirebro.png|Cat Fire Bro<br>'''Debut: ''[[Super Mario 3D World + Bowser's Fury]]'''''

Glohm Hammer Bro.png|[[Glohm Hammer Bro]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario & Luigi: Brothership]]'''''

Glohm Fire Bro.png|[[Glohm Fire Bro]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario & Luigi: Brothership]]'''''

Glohm Ice Bro.png|[[Glohm Ice Bro]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Mario & Luigi: Brothership]]'''''

SMBW screenshot Fire Spike.png|[[Fire Spike]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Super Mario Bros. Wonder]]'''''

 

PMTOK Paper Macho Spike Outlaw.jpg|[[Paper Macho Spike Outlaw]]<br>'''Debut: ''[[Paper Mario: The Origami King]]'''''

'''Magikoopas''' (also referred to as '''Kameks''') can cast spells and fly on broomsticks. They are generally considered to be high-ranking members of the Koopa Troop. They wear glasses and wizard's garb: typically blue robes and hats, though Magikoopas specializing in different forms of magic sport different colors. Aside from their heads, which have slightly larger beaks than those of their normal counterparts, little is known about the Magikoopa's external structure due to their robes, though the contours of their shells can be slightly seen on their backs. [[Kamek]], Bowser's main advisor, is the most recurring Magikoopa character, though their names and roles are sometimes treated interchangeably (and are in general in Japanese scripts).

 

'''Rocky Wrenches''' are enemies and pop out of manhole covers on [[airship]]s at random. They were stated to be a mole-like type of Koopa during ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'',<ref>{{cite|quote=「モグラようなカメ{{ruby|族|ぞく}}。{{ruby|穴|あな}}からニョキッと{{ruby|出|で}}てきてスパナを{{ruby|投|な}}げてくる。{{ruby|飛行船|ひこうせん}}の{{ruby|乗組員|のりくみいん}}だ。」 ("''Mole-like members of the Turtle Tribe. They will pop out of a hole to throw their spanner. They are the maintenance crew of the airship.''")|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' Japanese instruction booklet|publisher=Nintendo|language=ja|page=38}}</ref><ref>{{cite|date=1990|quote="''Rocky is a turtle who kind of looks like a mole. He will suddenly appear and start to throw wrenches at Mario.''"|title=''Super Mario Bros. 3'' instruction booklet|publisher=Nintendo of America|language=en-us|page=37}}</ref> though their various derivatives, such as [[Monty Mole]]s, are depicted as true moles. Between ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'' and ''[[Mario Kart Tour]]'', they were given a shell-less design resembling Monty Moles, though a further redesign in ''[[Mario Kart 8 Deluxe – Booster Course Pass]]'' returned the shell. Despite this, the original description has not been reused since materials for ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', and other non-turtle creatures wearing shells have been introduced in the interim.

{{main|Yoshi|Yoshi (species)}}

'''Yoshis''' are long-tongued omnivorous saurian creatures initially intended as Koopas.<ref>in the {{file link|SMHAmerican SMW and SMAS.jpg|section of the ''Super Mario History Booklet'' dedicated to ''Super Mario World''}} [[Takashi Tezuka]] states that ''''Yoshi was originally supposed to be a type of Koopa. That saddle you see on his back was actually his shell.''</ref> After their debut, this connection was not brought up again for many years, but it would eventually be reconfirmed that they are turtles with the large red "saddle" being a natural shell.<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com/en-gb/News/2017/October/Nintendo-Classic-Mini-SNES-developer-interview-Volume-5-Super-Mario-World-and-Super-Mario-World-2-Yoshi-s-Island-1290850.html|title=Nintendo Classic Mini: SNES developer interview – Volume 5: Super Mario World and Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island|publisher=Nintendo UK|language=en-gb|accessdate=June 5, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite|author=Brian|date=April 27, 2019|url=nintendoeverything.com/yoshis-crafted-world-devs-on-the-art-style-kindergarten-inspiration-flip-side-gimmick-more|title=Yoshi’s Crafted World devs on the art style, kindergarten inspiration, flip side gimmick, more|publisher=Nintendo Everything|accessdate=June 5, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite|url=game.watch.impress.co.jp/docs/news/742615.html|title=The Creator of the Famicom and the Designer of Super Mario are here!|publisher=GAME Watch|language=ja|accessdate=June 5, 2022}}</ref> As such, they are the one Koopa-based creature consistently depicted as friendly characters, with [[Yoshi]] being a major protagonist of both the ''[[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]'' franchise as well as [[Yoshi (franchise)|his own]] franchise.

 

 

 

'''Robot turtles''' are mechanical swimming platforms in ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]'' with [[Koopa Troopa]]-like shells and sea turtle-like bodies.

[[File:Conkdor Artwork - Super Mario 3D World.png|left|thumb|150x150px]]

[[File:Skedaddler (render) - SMBW.png|thumb|150x150px]]

[[File:Blewbird (render) - SMBW.png|left|thumb|150x150px]]

|Jpn=カメ{{ruby|一族|いちぞく}}<ref>{{cite|date=1986|title=''Super Mario Bros. 2'' Disk System instruction booklet|publisher=Nintendo|language=ja|page=3}}</ref><ref>{{cite|date=1988|title=スーパーマリオブラザーズ3 (''Sūpā Mario Burazāzu Surī'') instruction booklet|publisher=Nintendo|language=ja|page=35}}</ref>

|JpnR=Kame-ichizoku

|Jpn2=クッパ{{ruby|一族|いちぞく}}<ref>{{cite|date=1986|title=''All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.'' instruction booklet|language=ja|page=6-7}}</ref> (''All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros.'')

|Jpn2R=Kuppa-ichizoku

|Jpn3=カメ{{ruby|族|ぞく}}<ref>{{cite|date=1988|title=スーパーマリオブラザーズ3 (''Sūpā Mario Burazāzu Surī'') instruction booklet|publisher=Nintendo|language=ja|page=38}}</ref>

|Jpn3R=Kame-zoku

|Jpn4=カメ

|Jpn4R=Kame

|JpnM=Turtle Tribe

|Jpn2M=Bowser Tribe

|Jpn3M=Turtle Tribe

|Jpn4M=Turtle

|ChiT2=庫巴一族<ref>{{cite|url=www.nintendo.com.hk/switch/mario/history/index.html|title=瑪利歐歷史｜超級瑪利歐兄弟 35週年｜任天堂|publisher=Nintendo HK|language=zh-hant|accessdate=June 5, 2024}}</ref> (''Super Mario Bros.'' 35th Anniversary)